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【孝弟】

有子 曰:“其为人也孝弟 ,而好犯上者,鲜 矣;不好犯上,而好作乱者,未之有也。君子务本,本立而道生。孝弟也者,其为仁之本与 !”

——《论语·学而》

【注释】

1 有子:孔子学生,姓有,名若。

2 弟(tì):同“悌”,敬爱兄长。

3 鲜(xiǎn):少。

4 与:语气助词,同“欤”。

【参考译文】

有子说:“为人能孝顺父母、敬爱兄长,但却喜欢触犯上级,这种人是很少有的。不喜欢触犯上级,但却喜欢造反作乱,这种人从来没有过。君子应该致力于根本的事物,根本建立了,道就会产生。孝顺父母和敬爱兄长,这二者大概就是仁的根本吧!”

Youzi said: “A man who respects his parents and his elders would hardly be inclined to defy his superiors. A man who is not inclined to defy his superiors will never start a rebellion. A noble person devotes his efforts to the root. Once the root is established, the Way will grow therefrom. To respect parents and elders is the root of humanity.” UXli5Lqm4qxw5TeC9PJXmm0KcVPgLDeFLqs6+Kiw1U6XJhq9JI6vgslBfDydrgv5

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