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【知识精要】
状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句尾时，一般不在前面加逗号。
状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句等。
1．时间状语从句
时间状语从句是由when, as,while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句。时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时，只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
例：①We will start when the team leader comes.
队长一来，我们就出发。
②I must finish this letter before I go home.
我必须在回家以前写完这封信。
2．目的状语从句
目的状语从句用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的，目的状语从句可以由in order that, so that等词引导，in order that引导目的状语从句时，从句可放在主句之前或之后，so that引导从句时只可放在主句之后。
例：①I am saving money in order that I can buy a house.
我正在攒钱，以便我能买一所房子。
②Articulate your words so that we can understandwhat you are saying.
说话要清楚，这样我们才能听明白你的话。
3．让步状语从句
让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种，一般翻译为“尽管…”或“即使…”。引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：though, although, while, as, even if, even though,whether...or..., no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever，regardless of+名词/名词短语/名词从句, despite, in spite of等。
切记although, though不可与but连用，但可以与yet连用。
例：①Although we bent over backwards to please her,our new manager was still very critical of our work. 尽管我们竭力讨好新经理,但她仍然对我们的工作百般挑剔。
②Despite the threat of war, people went abouttheir work as usual.
尽管战争一触即发,人们仍像平时一样工作。
4．条件状语从句
条件状语从句表示在什么样的条件下，结果会怎样。引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if, unless, as(so) long as, provided/ providing that, oncondition that, suppose/ supposing等。
例：①If it is necessary, I will come at 6．
如有必要，我6点钟来。
②As long as you drive carefully, you will be verysafe.
如果你开车小心，你就会很安全。
5．原因状语从句
原因状语从句表示原因，说明因果关系。引导原因状语从句的连词有：because, as, since, for, now that, seeing that, considering(that), in that等。
例：①John didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.
约翰没有出席会议，因为他病了。
②Since there is no more time, we must give it up.
既然没有时间，我们必须放弃那件事。
6．结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so...that 或such...that等引导。用so…that时，其结构为so+adj.(adv.)+that或so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that；用such…that时，其结构有三种，分别是such+a/an(+adj.)+单数可数名词+that从句，such(+adj.)+复数可数名词+that从句，such(+adj.)+不可数名词+that从句。
例：①He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.
他跑得如此快，我赶不上他。
②He is such a bad sailor that he always travelsby plane.
他是那么容易晕船，所以他总搭乘飞机。
【专项训练】
1.Let’s talk all this over again ______（在我们做最终决定之前）.
2.I will let you drive ______（条件是你有驾照）.
3.She was clearly upset, ______（因为她的眼里饱含泪水）.
4.It was futile to continue the negotiation ______（因为双方都缺乏诚意）.
5．Nanjing University of Science and Technology hassent many young scholars to study abroad ______（为了能够赶上中国最好的大学）.
6．Nowadays, our government advocates credit towhatever we do or whomever we contact with. ______（一旦你食言）, you will lose your social status and personal reputation.
7.The mayor is a woman with great integrity ______（因此她值得我们给予政治和经济支持）.
8.The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting ______（以至于发言者要时不时的停下来恢复体力）.
9．______（在学生们出发之前）, they spentmuch time setting a limit to the expenses of the trip.
10.If we believe something is good and true ______（我们就应该坚持）.
11.When Jane fell off the bike, ______（其他孩子情不自禁的笑起来了）.
12.Grace broke into tears ______（当她听到这个令人难受的消息时）.
13.No increase in output can be expected ______（除非安装新的生产线）.
14．______（为了挣钱供我上学）, motheroften takes on more work than is good for her.
15．Leaving one’s job, ______（不管是什么工作）, is a difficult change even for those who look forward toretiring.
参考答案及解析
1．[答案] before we make a final decision
[解析] ①“在…之前”为时间状语从句，由before引导；②“最终决定”即 a final decision。
2．[答案] on condition that youhave a driving licence
[解析]①翻译部分为条件状语从句，“条件是”可以由on condition that引导；②“驾照”即driving licence。
3．[答案] for her eyes werefilled with tears
[解析] ①译文为原因状语从句，原因状语从句的引导词有for, because, since, as等，此处可用任意一个；②“饱含”可以译为be filled with。
4．[答案] since both sides lack the sincerity
[解析] 考查原因状语从句。原因状语从句的引导词可以为since/because，“缺乏诚意”lack the sincerity。
5．[答案] so that it might catch up with the best universities in China
[解析] 考查目的状语从句。目的状语从句的引导词为so that；“赶上”的常用表达为 catch up with。
6．[答案] Once you break your promise
[解析] 考查条件状语从句。①表示“一旦…就”的连词为once；②“食言”的常用表达为break one’s promise。
7．[答案] so she deserves our political and financial support
[解析] 考查原因状语从句。“值得”的常用动词为deserve注意其拼写。
8．[答案] that at intervals the speakers stopped forrefreshments
[解析] ①考查结果状语从句，结果状语从句的引导词为so+形容词+that；②“时不时的”的常用表达为at intervals；③“停下来恢复体力”可译为stop for refreshment。
9．[答案] Before the students set off
[解析] 考查时间状语从句。表示“在…之前”的连词为before；出发“的常用表达为setoff/start off。
10．[答案] we should hold on to it
[解析] “坚持”的常用表达为hold on to/stickto/persist in。
11．[答案] the other children could not help laughing
[解析]“情不自禁地做某事”的常用表达为can’t help doing sth.。
12．[答案] when she heard the sad news
[解析]考查时间状语从句。“当…时候”由when引导。
13．[答案] unless a new assembly line is installed
[解析] ①考查条件状语从句。由于句子中没有出现明确的主语，所以可以使用被动语态；②“生产线”的固定译法为assembly line；“安装”是install。
14．[答案] In order to afford/finance my education (to pay for my education/topay my tuition fees)
[解析]考查目的状语从句；“为了”最常用的是不定式结构，可以用 in order to/so asto或者直接用to+动词原形表示。
15．[答案]whatever job it is/ nomatter what job it is
[解析]考查让步状语从句，“不管”可用whatever或no matter what表示。