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absent [ 5AbsEnt ] adj. 缺席的；漫不经心的；缺乏的，不存在的
vt. 使缺席
例句①He acted as chairman while the secretary was absent. 书记不在的时候就由他主持会议。
②He deliberately absented himself from the meeting. 他故意不到会。
搭配absent from 缺席，不在场
absent minded 心不在焉
串记consent, resent,present
appointment [ E5pCintmEnt ] n. 约会，约定；任命，委派；委任的职位
例句①Your appointment is conditional on your medical examination. 你的任命要看你的健康检查结果而定。
②I’d like to set up a doctor’s appointment as soon as possible. 我想尽快预约门诊。
搭配break an appointment 违约，失约
by appointment 按照约定，照章
keep one’s appointment 守约
take up an appointment 就职，上任
串记appoint
recognize [ 5rekE^naiz ] v. 认可，承认，公认；赏识
例句①The town has changed so much that you wouldn’t recognize it.
城镇变化很大，你也许都认不出来了。
②Everyone recognize him to be the lawful heir.
大家都承认他为合法继承人。
③The firm recognized Tom’s outstanding work by giving him an extrabonus.
公司发给汤姆一笔额外奖金以表彰他工作出色。
搭配recognize one’s duty 认清自己的职责
串记recommend,recommendation; recognition
uniform [ 5ju:nifC:m ] adj. 一致的，一律的
n. 制服，军服
例句①The rows of houses were uniform in appearance. 这一排排的房子外观相同。
②Soldiers wear a distinctive uniform. 士兵们穿着特制的制服。
串记perform, platform,reform, inform
status [ 5steitEs ] n. 身份，地位；情形，状况；重要地位、名望
例句He is a person ofimportant social status. 他是一个有重要社会地位的人。
搭配status symbol 地位的象征
串记statue, static,statistic, statistics
advise [ Ed5vaiz ] vt. 劝告，忠告；警告；建议；通知，告知
例句①She advises the Government on economic affairs. 她向政府提出经济方面的建议。
②We wish to advise you that you now owe the bank $500. 你现欠银行五百美元，特此通知。
搭配advise sb. on sth. 对于…的忠告
串记devise, revise, supervise
exist [ i^5zist ] v. 存在，生存，生活
例句①Man cannot exist without air. 没有空气人就不能生存。
②Large numbers exist in perpetual poverty. 很多人人长期生活在贫困之中。
搭配exist as 作为…而存在，以…形态存在
exist in 存在于…中
exist on 靠…生活 [生存]
串记exile
feature [ 5fi:tFE ] n. 特征，特色；特写；容貌
v. 以…为特色；(电影)由…主演
例句①Painting in her spare time features largely in her life.
业余时间内画画成为她生活中的一大特色。
②This magazine will be running a special feature on education nextweek.
这一杂志下周要发表一篇关于教育的专题文章。
搭配be a feature of; makesb./sth. a feature 以…为特色
串记creature, mature,torture, gesture, mixture
issue [ 5isju: ] v. 流出，放出；发行，发表，颁布
n. 发行(物)，(报刊)期号，一次发行量；问题，争论点，争端
例句①A crowd of people issued out into the street. 一群人涌到了街上。
②I bought the novel the day after its issue. 我在这部小说发行的第二天就买了一本。
搭配at issue 待解决的，争议中的
join issue 参加争论
take issue 对…持异议，不同意
issue sth. to sb. 把某物发给某人
串记tissue
present [ 5prezEnt, pri5zent ] n. 赠品，礼物；现在
adj. 现在的；出席的；当面的
vt. 介绍，引见；给，赠送；上演；提出，呈现
例句①This job presents many difficulties to the new recruit.
这件工作对新手来说困难重重。
②He would not be elected on present form.
鉴于他的现时表现，他不可能当选。
③They presented a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.
他们向学院捐赠了一笔款项以纪念他们的儿子。
搭配at present 目前，现在
for the present 暂时，暂且
串记consent, resent;absent; presentation; presently
desire [ di5zaiE ] v. 渴望，期望
n. 愿望，心愿，要求
例句①My greatest desire is to go back home. 我最大的希望是回家。
②I have long desired to meet them. 我一直渴望见到他们。
串记despair, inspire,acquire
wonder [ 5wQndE ] n. 奇迹；惊奇
v. 诧异；想知道
例句①They were filled with wonder when they saw the spaceship.
他们看到太空船，不禁惊叹起来。
②I wonder whether they will arrive on time.
我也不知道他们能不能准时到。
③He had made a thorough investigation. No wonder he knew so muchabout it.
他进行了彻底的调查。难怪他对此事了解很多。
搭配no wonder 难怪；怪不得
串记wander; wonderful
afford [ E5fC:d ] vt. 买得起，能负担；提供，给予；冒险做
例句①Television affords pleasure to many. 电视给很多人带来乐趣。
②He can afford an apartment. 他能负担一套住房。
搭配affordto (买)得起
串记accord, record
alter [ 5C:ltE(r) ] v. 修改，改变，变更
例句①Sophistry won’t alter facts. 诡辩改变不了事实。
②The plane altered course. 飞机更改了航线。
搭配alter switch 转换开关
串记later; alternative
communicate [ kE5mju:nikeit ] v. 传达，传送；交流；通讯，通话
例句①The poem communicates the author’s despair. 这首诗流露出作者的绝望心情。
②I like to communicate with my family. 我喜欢和我的家人沟通。
搭配communicate with 与…交流
串记commute, community
competition [ kCmpi5tiFEn ] n. 竞争，比赛；角逐，较量；[总称]竞争者
例句①Our team has entered for the competition. 我们队已报名参加比赛。
②We’re in competition with several other companies for the contract. 我们与另几家公司角逐争取这项合同。
搭配be in competitionwith sb. For 为…和(某人)竞争
串记competent,competitive, competitor, compete
means [ mi:nz ] n. 手段，方法；金钱，财产
例句①Use force as the means of settlingconflict. 使用武力作为解决争端的方法。
②She is by no means poor: in fact, she’s quite rich. 她可不穷， 其实她很阔。
搭配by all means 尽一切办法，一定，务必
by no means 决不
by any means 用一切可能的方法或手段
by means of 通过，借
private [ 5praivit ] adj. 私人的，个人的
例句①He’s a rather private person. 他不太喜欢和别人交流思想感情。
②The public is fascinated by the private lives of public figures. 公众对社会名流的私生活具有浓厚的兴趣。
搭配private property 私人财产
private school 私立学校
in private 秘密地[的]；私下地[的]
串记personal
suppose [ sE5pEuz ] v. 以为，料想，猜想；假定；应该
conj. 假使…结果会怎样
例句①They were supposed to be here an hour ago. 他们应该在一小时以前到达这里。
②Everyone supposes him (to be) poor, but he is really quite wealthy. 大家都以为他穷，实际上他很富有。
搭配be supposed to 被期望；应该
not be supposed to 不许
串记propose, purpose,oppose
appeal [ E5pi:l ] n. 请求；呼吁；申诉，上诉；吸引力
v. 求助，要求；对…有吸引力；申诉，控诉
例句These subjects havelost their appeal for most students. 对多数学生来说，这些学科已经失去了吸引力。
搭配appeal for aid 求助
appeal to 呼吁，要求，上诉，诉诸于；对…有吸引力
appeal to sb. for 为…向某人呼吁
串记appealing; appearance
assignment [ E5sainmEnt ] n. 分配，委派，任务
例句①What are today’s assignment? 今天的作业是什么？
② The military assignment wasfrustrating. 分派军事任务是颇不顺利的。
串记assign, resign
aware [ E5wZE ] adj. 知道的，意识到的
例句He made believe notto be aware of my presence. 他假装不知道我在那里。
搭配be aware of/that 意识到…
串记bare, fare, rare,dare, declare, compare
complain [ kEm5plein ] v. 抱怨；控诉
例句They complained aboutthe food. 他们抱怨这糟糕的食物。
搭配complain (to sb.) of/aboutsth. 抱怨
串记complaint; grain,drain, chain, bargain
distance [ 5distEns ] n. 距离；间隔；冷淡，不友好
例句①We can see a windmill in the distance. 我们可以望见远处有架风车。
②He treated me with a little distance. 他对我有点冷淡。
搭配at a distance 相距，相隔
in the distance 在远处
keep a distance 保持一定距离
串记distant, reluctance
estimate [ 5estimeit ] v. 估计，估量；评估
n. 估计，估价，估计数
例句①He estimated that he would finish the work by noon.
他估计中午时才能完成那项工作。
②We got estimates from three different contractors before acceptingthe lowest.
我们得到三个承包商的报价后，接受了价钱最低的。
搭配it is estimated that…根据…估计
at a rough estimate 粗略估计
estimate to be 估计，估价
estimate at (后跟价格)估价
fight [ fait ] n. 打架，战斗；斗志
v. 打仗，搏斗；对抗
例句①It is necessary to put up a fight against waste. 有必要开展一次反浪费斗争。
②Let us unite to fight for human rights. 让我们协力为人权而战。
搭配fight for 为…而战，为…努力
fight against 与…作战
串记tight, insight
adapt [ E5dApt ] vt. 使适应；改编，改写
vi. 适应
例句①She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. 她很快就适应了这种新气候。
②These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes. 这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好。
③You must adapt to the norms of the society you live in. 在社会中生活就要遵循社会行为准则。
搭配adapt oneself to sth.使自己适应…
串记adopt
access [ 5Akses ] n. 进入，接入，到达；享用权；入口
vt. 存取；接近
例句Citizens may havefree access to the library. 市民可以自由使用这个图书馆。
搭配have/gain/get/obtainaccess to得接近；得会见；得进入；得使用
串记accent, excess
aspect [ 5Aspekt ] n. 样子，外表，面貌；观点，角度；(问题等的)方面
例句①He was serious of aspect but wholly undistinguished. 他面色严峻，却不过一庸人而已。
②The historical aspect formed the main theme of her essay. 她的论文的主题是由历史观点贯穿起来的。
搭配of pleasing aspect 喜爱的模样
one aspect of the problem 问题的一个方面
串记respect, expect,inspect, suspect, prospect
critical [ 5kritikEl ] adj. 批评的；危急的；重要的，决定性的；挑剔的；临街的
例句①The reforms of enterprises are now at the critical moment. 现在企业的改革正处在紧要关头。
②He is so critical that nobody can please him. 他太吹毛求疵，所以没有人能取悦他。
③The film has received critical acclaim. 影片得到了评论界的赞誉。
搭配critical of 吹毛求疵的，对…表示不满的
串记critic, criticism,criticize
deliver [ di5livE ] vt. 交付，递送；发表，表达；释放；分娩
例句①She delivered a baby boy this morning. 今天早晨她生了个小男孩。
②He delivered his speech effectively. 他演讲生动有力。
③Please deliver this package against payment of cost. 请于收到货款后交付这包裹。
串记divide, divorce
expand [ iks5pAnd ] v. (使)膨胀，(使)扩张；张开，展开
例句①The business has expanded from having one office to having twelve.
这个公司已从一个分公司发展到拥有12个分公司了。
②Metals expand withheat. 金属遇热膨胀。
搭配expand…in/into… 把…扩展(发展，膨胀)
expand on 细说，阐述
串记extend, extent,expense
prefer [ pri5fE: ] v. 更喜欢，宁可；提出(控告、要求等)
例句①I prefer walking to cycling. 我愿意步行，不愿意骑自行车。
②I should prefer that/prefer it if you did not go there alone. 我倒希望你不要一个人去那里。
搭配prefer…rather that 宁愿[愿意]…而不愿
prefer…to 喜欢…而不喜欢；喜欢…胜过…
串记offer, infer, refer, suffer,transfer
promote [ prE5mEut ] v. 促进，增进；提升，提拔；宣传，推销
例句①Our teacher has been promoted to headmaster. 我们的老师已被提升为校长了。
②We want topromote literacy on a mass scale. 我们要大规模地提高文化水平。
搭配promote cooperation 促进合作
串记prompt
range [ reindV ] n. 范围，领域；排列，连续；(山)脉，射程
vt. 排列，归类于，使并列
vi. 平行；延伸；漫游
例句①There is a wide price range for books. 书价的差距很大。
②Our conversation ranged over many topics. 我们的谈话涉及很多话题。
③On this issue, she has ranged herself with the Opposition. 在这个问题上，她站在反对派一边。
搭配range from…to (或between) 从…到…不等
range over 范围包括；扫视；移动
out of range 在…范围(射程)外
串记arrange, arrangement
decade [ 5dekeid ] n. 十；十年
例句The custom hasprevailed for decades. 这风俗已经盛行了十几年了。
串记detect, delete
magazine [ 7mA^E5zi:n ] n. 杂志，期刊；军火库，弹药库，(枪、炮的)弹仓；胶卷盒
例句①This magazine appears quarterly. 这个杂志每季度出一次。
②A lot of damage was caused when the magazine exploded. 弹药库爆炸时造成很大损失
串记periodical,publication
opportunity [ 7CpE5tju:niti ] n. 机会，时机
例句①We took the opportunity of visiting the palace. 我们趁机参观了皇宫。
②I missed a good opportunity to give my opinion on it. 我失去了对那件事提出意见的好机会。
搭配take the opportunity 利用机会
on the first opportunity 一有机会
串记oppose, opposite
progress [ 5prEu^res ] v. & n. 前进；进步，发展
例句①Work on the new building progressed at a rapid rate. 修建新建筑进展很快。
②The patient is making good progress after her operation. 这个女病人动过手术后病情大为好转。
搭配in progress 在进行中，在举行
make progress in 在…方面取得进步(进展)
make progress towards 朝着…(目标)前进
make progress with 把…向前推进；在…方面取得进展
串记congress
resume [ ri5zju:m ] n. 个人简历
v. 再继续，重新开始；再用；恢复
例句①We resumed our work after a rest.
休息之后我们重新开始工作。
②I am enclosing a resume and looking forward to hearing from you.
随信附上简历一份，希望能早日得到回音。
③They will at any price resume their lost child.
他们不惜任何代价找回丢失的孩子。
串记assume, consume； consumption
shortage [ 5FC:tidV ] n. 不足，缺乏；缺点
例句There was a severeshortage of petroleum and food during the war. 战争期间石油和粮食严重短缺。
total [ 5tEutl ] adj. 总的；完全的
n. 总数，合计
v. 合计，总计
例句①His plan ended in total failure. 他的计划以彻底失败告终。
②We have debts totaling 5000 dollars. 我们的债务总计为五千美元。
搭配total up to 计算…的总数；把…加起来
in total 总共
串记altogether, entire, universal, widespread
simply [ 5simpli ] adv. 简单地；完全，简直；仅仅，只不过
例句①He goes there simply because he likes to. 他去那儿只是因为他喜欢去。
②The holidays simply sped by. 假期简直是一晃而过。
串记simplify, simplicity;merely, barely; imply, apply, reply
abroad [ E5brC:d ] adv. 到处，广泛；在传播，在流传；往国外
例句①An epidemic is abroad in America. 美国正大规模流行传染病。
②Many people would like to take holidays abroad. 许多人愿意到国外度假。
搭配live abroad 住在国外
a rumor is abroad 谣言四播
be all abroad 茫然不解，感到莫名其妙；离题太远；不中肯
串记aboard, broad, board
contain [ kEn5tein ] vt. 包含，容纳；容忍，抑制；可被…除尽
vi. 自制
例句①At the sight of this cruelty, he could hardly contain his anger. 见此残暴情形，他无法克制自己的愤怒。
②Her statement contained several inaccuracies. 她的言词有几处不确切。
搭配be contained between,be contained within 含于…间，(夹)在…之间
contain oneself 自制
串记retain, captain,entertain, maintain, sustain
emotional [ i5mEuFEnl ] adj. 情绪的，情感的；深情的，充满感情的
例句She had a majoremotional upset. 她情绪上受到了沉重的打击。
搭配an emotional person 易动感情的人
串记emotion
equal [ 5i:kwEl ] adj. 相等的；胜任的；平静的；合适的
n. 同等或平等的人或物；匹敌，对手
v. 等于
例句①Women are demanding equal pay for equal work. 妇女要求同工同酬(与男人一样)。
②He doesn’t seem equal to meeting our demands. 他似乎不太合乎我们的要求。
搭配be equal to 与…相等
without equal 无比，无敌
串记equality, equation
evidence [ 5evidEns ] n. 明显，显著；证据，根据；形迹，迹象
vt. 证明，表明，显示
例句①There wasn’t enough evidence to prove him guilty. 没有充分的证据证明他有罪。
②His answer evidenced a guilty conscience. 他的回答证明他良心有愧。
搭配give evidence 作证，提供证据
in evidence 作为证据
串记incidence, confidence,correspondence
freedom [ 5fri:dEm ] n. 自由，自主；免除；特权
例句①He has been granted his freedom on condition that he leaves thecountry.
他已获准恢复自由，条件是他离开这个国家。
②I gave him the freedom of my house and belongings.
我让他随便使用我的房子和东西。
搭配freedom from fear,pain, hunger, etc. 无恐惧﹑痛苦﹑饥饿等
串记freeze, feedback, feed
involve [ in5vClv ] v. (使)卷入，(使)陷入；包含，包围；涉及
例句①Don’t involve other people in your trouble. 别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。
②This lesson involves a lot of work. 这一课需要做的工作有很多。
③He was involved in writing his doctoral dissertation. 他在聚精会神地写他的博士论文。
搭配be involved in sth. 陷入；专注
串记revolve, evolve;involved
medium [ 5mi:djEm ] n. (pl. media) 媒体；方法，媒介；介质
adj. 中间的；中等的；半生熟的
例句①Air is a medium for sound. 空气是声音的传播媒介。
②Television is an effective medium for commercial advertising. 电视是商业广告宣传的有效工具。
搭配happy medium 适中，恰到好处
by/through the medium of 通过…手段，以…为媒介，借
串记media
mobile [ 5mEubail ] adj. 可动的，运动的，机动的；易变的
n. 移动电话
例句①She’s much more mobile now that she’s bought a car. 她买了汽车，现在来来往往方便多了。
②Mobile phones are no longer luxuries. 手机再也不是什么奢侈品了。
搭配a mobile face 表情多变的脸
a mobile mind 易变的心思
串记automobile
moral [ 5mCrEl ] adj. 道德的，道义的；精神上的
n. 寓意，教育意义
例句①He refused the request on moral grounds. 基于道德上的考虑，他拒绝了这个请求。
②She regards his moral faults with charity. 她宽恕他的品行不端。
搭配moral culture 德育
moral standards 道德标准
串记morality
reflect [ ri5flekt ] v. 反映；反省，考虑；指责
例句①Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作显示出她的聪明才智。
②I need time to reflect (on your offer/on what you offered)。 我需要时间来考虑你的建议。
搭配reflect on/upon 思考，反省；招致，给…带来影响
串记dialect, elect,neglect, select
responsible [ ris5pCnsEbl ] adj. 有责任的；可信赖的；责任重大的
例句The bus driver is responsiblefor the passengers’ safety. 公共汽车司机对乘客的安全负责。
搭配be responsible for 对…负责
串记response, responsibility
vehicle [ 5vi:ikl ] n. (客运或货运的)车辆；媒介，载体；工具，手段
例句①The play was an excellent vehicle for the actress’s talents. 那出戏给了那位女演员一个大好机会一展才华。
②The red traffic light indicates that every person and vehicle muststop. 红色信号灯表示人和车辆不能通行。
搭配motor vehicle 机动车辆
串记vertical, vessel
assume [ E5sju:m ] vt. 假装，假定，设想；呈现
例句Scientists assumethere is no animal life on Mars. 科学家们假定火星上没有生命存在。
搭配assume an attitude of采取…态度
assuming that … 假定…
串记resume, consume
athlete [ 5AWli:t ] n. 运动员；身强力壮的人
例句The athlete has apowerful frame. 这位运动员体格强壮。
串记attorney
contribute [ kEn5tribju:t ] v. 捐助，捐献；对…有帮助；投稿
例句①The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions to worldcivilization.
宋朝为世界文明贡献出了三大发明。
②A number of factors contribute to this.
对于此总可以归诸于许多因素。
③It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum.
她很大方，捐助了这么大笔钱。
④She asked him to contribute a biweekly article on European affairs.
她让他每两周写一篇有关欧洲情况的文章。
搭配contribute to… 起一份作用；出一份力
串记distribute, attribute
data [ 5deitE ] n. 事实资料；供电脑程式使用的资料；数据
例句The data is ready forexamination. 资料都已准备好以便检查。
串记database
improvement [ im5pru:vmEnt ] n. 改进，进步，改进措施
例句Much improvement hasbeen made in the public order of the city. 这个城市的公共秩序有了很大的改进。
串记implement, instrument,investment
industrial [ in5dQstriEl ] adj. 工业的，产业的，实业的；从事工业的
n. 工业工人；工业股票
例句Many Europeancountries are developed industrial nations. 许多欧洲国家是发达的工业国。
搭配industrial port 工业港
串记industry
lightning [ 5laitniN ] n. 闪电
adj. 闪电般的，快速的
vi. 打闪
例句①Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 闪电通常伴有雷声。
②Police made a lightning raid on the house. 警方突然查抄了那座房子。
搭配(as) quick aslightning 快如闪电地，转瞬间
串记schooling, housing, spelling, suffering;sunlight, daylight
media [ 5mi:djE ] n. 传播媒体，新闻媒体
例句Thelaunch of their new saloon received much media coverage. 他们投产的新轿车获得广泛的报道。
搭配massmedia 大众传播媒体
good media coverage of the event 对该事件及时而全面的新闻报道
串记medium
nuclear [ 5nju:kliE ] adj. 核心的，中心的；原子核的，核的
例句They are planning anew nuclear power plant. 他们正在策划一座新的核电厂
搭配the nuclear part ofthe city 城市中心区
nuclear weapons 核武器
nuclear family 核心家庭
串记nucleus
security [ si5kjuEriti ] n. 安全，保障；抵押品；证券，债券
例句①Call building security if a visitor acts suspicious. 如果来客行动可疑就打电话给大楼保安人员。
②The government looks after the security of the country. 政府保障国家的安全。
搭配government security 公债
public security 公共安全
a sense of security 安全感
串记charity, majority,minority, popularity; secure
specific [ spi5sifik ] adj. 明确的，具体的；特定的，特有的
例句①I want a specific answer.
我想要一个明确的回答。
②The money is to be used for one specific purpose: the building ofthe new theatre.
这笔钱有专门用途：就是建造新剧院。
搭配moving from thegeneral to the specific 从泛泛而谈转向具体论述
串记species, specialist, specialize
attach [ E5tAtF ] vt. 附属；贴，连接；使依恋，使喜爱
vi. 配属，隶属于
例句①I am very attached to that old picture. 我很喜欢那幅旧画。
②No blame attaches to you in this affair. 这件事不怪你。
③This middle school is attached to a teachers' college. 这所中学附属于一所师范院校。
搭配be attached to 认为重要
attach to 属于，与…有关；加入，参加
attach label to parcel 给包裹贴标签
串记attract, attack
belief [ bi5li:f ] n. 信任，信心；信仰，信条
例句①That man has a strong belief in God. 那个男子虔诚地信仰上帝。
②His story isbeyond belief. 他的话难以置信。
搭配beyond belief 无法令人相信；令人难以置信
串记grief, thief, chief
conclude [ kEn5klu:d ] v. 结束，终止；决定；缔结；作出结论
例句①He conclude the negotiation with dispatch.
他迅速结束谈判。
②In view of our longstanding business relationship, we can concludethe transaction.
鉴于你我双方的长期贸易关系，我们可以做成这笔交易。
③From his appearance we may safely conclude that he is a chain smoker.
从他的外表，我们可以有把握地断定他烟抽得很凶。
搭配conclude a speech 结束演说
to be concluded (连载的文章)下期[次]登完
to conclude 最后(一句话)
串记include, exclude
distinguish [ dis5tiN^wiF ] v. 区别，辨别；使杰出，使著名
例句①They have distinguished themselves as dedicated social workers.
他们作为全心全意的社会工作者而出人头地。
②Speeches distinguish human beings from animals.
人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。
搭配be distinguished as 辨明为，称之为
distinguish…from… 辨别，识别，把…和…区别开
distinguish right from wrong 分清是非
串记extinguish
grant [ ^rB:nt ] v. 同意，准予；给予，授予
n. 授予物；津贴；转让证书；补助金；助学金
例句①I take it for granted you have read this book. 我认为你一定读过这本书。
②Many charity give grant for educational project. 许多慈善团体为教育项目赠款
搭配take…for granted 认为…理所当然
grant sb. sth. 同意(给予)某人某事
granting (granted) that 即使…(也)
串记grand
ignore [ i^5nC: ] vt. 不理睬，忽视
例句①I tried to tell her but she ignored me. 我打算告诉她，可是她不理睬我。
②I can’t ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼，我再也不能不闻不问了。
串记ignite, agony
intelligence [ in5telidVEns ] n. 智力，聪明；理解力；情报，消息，报导
例句①We must pass an intelligence test before being hired by the boss.
我们必须通过智力测验才能被老板雇用。
②Intelligence has/have reported that the enemy is planning a newattack.
情报人员报告说敌军正在策划发动新攻势。
搭配artificialintelligence 人工智能
串记intelligent,intellectual
particular [ pE5tikjulE ] adj. 特殊的，特定的；个别的；挑剔的
n. (pl.) 细节，详细
例句①She has a particular preference for Chinese art. 她对中国艺术有特别的爱好。
②The police refused to reveal the particulars of the case. 警察拒绝透露案件的详情。
③He is very particular about his food. 他吃东西很挑剔。
搭配go into particulars 开始详述
in particular 特别，尤其
be particular about 讲究，挑剔
串记extraordinary,remarkable
preference [ 5prefErEns ] n. (for, to) 偏爱，喜爱，优先(权)；优惠；优先选择
例句①A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils. 老师不应偏爱任何一个学生。
②She chose to learn the violin in preference to the piano. 她愿学小提琴而不学钢琴。
搭配special tradepreferences 特别贸易优惠
preference for/to 偏爱
串记inference,interference, reference, conference
reveal [ ri5vi:l ] v. 展现；显示；揭示；暴露
例句The journalistrefused to reveal the source of her information. 这名记者拒绝透露她的消息来源
搭配reveal oneself 讲出姓名，表明身分
串记demonstrate
radiation [ 7reidi5eiFEn ] n. 辐射；放射
搭配a low/high level ofradiation 低[高]强度辐射
串记radical, rational
scan [ skAn ] v. 细看；浏览；扫描
n. 扫描
例句①They scanned the morning papers while eating breakfast. 他们吃早饭时浏览早报。
②The second scan revealed a brain tumor. 第二次扫描显示出一个脑瘤。
搭配scan rate 扫描率
串记scandal; scanner
signal [ 5si^nl ] n. 信号，暗号；预兆，征象
adj. 信号的
v. 发信号，用信号通信
例句①He signaled (to) the band to start playing. 他向乐队示意开始演奏。
②Her speech yesterday was a signal that her views have changed. 她昨天的讲话标志着她的观点已经转变。
搭配give a signal 发信号
串记sign, signature,significant
victim [ 5viktim ] n. 受害人；牺牲品；祭祀品
例句Those children arethe sad victims of their parents’ divorce. 那些孩子因父母离婚而成为可悲的牺牲品。
搭配fall a victim to(becomethe victim of) 成为…的受害者
串记victory, victorious
achievement [ E5tFi:vmEnt ] n. 成绩；实现，完成，成就
例句①Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a greatachievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。
②Such a goal was impossible of achievement. 这样的目标是不可能实现的。
搭配make achievements 取得成就
串记achieve
artificial [ 7B:ti5fiFEl ] adj. 人工的，人造的，人为的；虚伪的，做作的；非原产地的
例句①Artificial heating hastens the growth of plants. 人工供暖能促进植物生长。
②Her artificial gaiety disguised an inner sadness. 她以矫揉造作的快乐掩饰着内心的悲痛。
搭配an artificial smile 不自然的微笑
串记official, facial,racial, superficial, crucial
basic [ 5beisik ] n. 基本，要素，基础
adj. 基本的，根本的；碱性的
例句①These facts are basic to an understanding of the case. 这些事实是了解这一案件的重要依据。
②My knowledge of physics is pretty basic. 我的物理知识相当浮浅。
串记basis
establish [ is5tAbliF ] v. 建立，确立；安置，使定居
例句①The company was established in 1860. 这家公司创办于一八六零年。
②His second novel established his fame as a writer. 他的第二部小说确立了他作家之名。
③He established himself as governor of the province. 他当上了省长。
搭配establish oneself in 定居于，在…落户；升职
establish sb. As 任命某人担任…
串记polish,publish, abolish
expense [ ik5spens ] n. 花费，消耗，消费
例句①He finished the job at the expenses of his health. 他牺牲健康完成了这项工作。
②We were entertained at the editor’s expense. 由编辑付钱招待我们。
搭配at sb.’s expense 由某人负担(费用)
at the expense of 归…付费
串记extend, extent,expand
identify [ ai5dentifai ] vt. 识别，鉴别；把…和…看成一样
例句①Wealth cannot be identified with happiness. 财富不能等同于幸福。
②The markings are so blurred that it is difficult to identify. 标记模糊不清，难以识别。
搭配identify oneself with支持；参与，与…密切结合，和…打成一片
identify with 视…为一体
串记identification,identity
negative [ 5ne^Etiv ] n. 负数；(摄影)底片；否定观点
adj. 否定的；反面的；阴性的
vt. 否定，拒绝(接受)
例句①The board gave negative answer to our request for funding. 董事会对我们融资的要求给予否定的回答。
②He has a very negative attitude to his work. 他的工作态度很消极。
串记alternative,conservative
spot [ spCt ] n. 斑点，污点；现场地点，场所
v. 认出；弄脏；用点做记号
例句①There isn’t a spot on herreputation. 她的声誉没有半点瑕疵。
②There are a lot of spots to visit in the old city. 这座古城有许多可供参观的名胜。
③She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
搭配on the spot 立即
串记spotlight, spouse
threat [ Wret ] n. 恐吓，威胁；凶兆，征兆
例句①He took no notice of his father’s threat. 他不理会他父亲的恐吓。
②The railway is under threat of closure. 那条铁路有停止运营的迹象。
搭配death threats 死亡的威胁
串记threaten
detail [ 5di:teil, di5teil ] n. 细节，详述；分配，(人员的)选派；选派的人(小组、分队等)
v. 详细说明，派遣
例句We describe each ofthese in detail in the following sections. 下面，我们将详细描述每一个目标。
搭配go into detail (s) 详细叙述，逐一说明
in detail ①详细地 ②逐渐地
device [ di5vais ] n. 装置，器具，仪器；手段，策略，诡计；手法，技巧，图案
例句Her illness is merely adevice to avoid seeing him. 她所谓生病只不过是避免见他的花招而已。
搭配leave to one’s owndevices 让(某人)自行设法(不予帮助或建议)
impact [ 5impAkt ] n. 冲击(力)，撞击；影响，效果
例句How will the war impacton such a poet? 战争对这样一个诗人会产生什么影响？
搭配make a great impact on 对…有很大的影响
indicate [ 5indikeit ] v. 标示，指示，指出；表明，暗示
例句He indicated hiswillingness with a nod of his head. 他点头表示愿意。
introduce [ 7intrE5dju:s ] v. 介绍，引进；插入，传入，采用；提出(话题等)，引出
例句Allow me to introduce myfriend Miss Wood to you. 允许我向你介绍我的朋友伍德小姐。
搭配be introduced to/into 引进；传入；采用
identity [ ai5dentiti ] n. 身份，本体；相同处，同一(性)，一致
例句The journalist did notwant to reveal the identity of his informant.
那个新闻工作者不想透露消息提供人的身分。
搭配identity card 身份证
cultural identity 文化身份；文化认同
national identity 国家认同；民族认同
regard [ ri5^B:d ] v. 视为，认作；注重，尊敬
n. 注意之点，关系；关心，顾虑；敬重，尊敬；问候，致意
例句I have a very highregard for your abilities. 我非常器重你的能力。
搭配in (with) regard to 关于
regard sth. (sb.) as sth. (sb.) 把…当作…
with regards 谨此致意(用于信结尾)
request [ ri5kwest ] n. 请求，要求；需要
v. 请求，要求
例句Gentlemen are requestednot to smoke. 先生们请勿吸烟。
搭配on request 被请求时
respect [ ris5pekt ] n. 尊敬，尊重；考虑，关心；方面，着眼点；关系，有关
例句We must respect thelaws of a country we are in. 我们必须遵守所在国家的法律。
搭配with respect to 关于，谈到，尊敬，尊重；仔细考虑，顾及
thought [ WC:t ] n. 思索；思想，思潮；考虑，关怀；观念，概念，企图
例句He had no thoughtof hurting her. 他没想要伤害她。
搭配after much thought 仔细考虑后
on(upon)second thoughts经再次考虑
article [ 5B:tikl ] n. 文章，论文；物件，物品；条款，条目
例句Phil was articled toa firm of lawyers. 菲尔签约在一家律师事务所当见习生。
advantage [ Ed5vB:ntidV ] n. 优势，益处，利益
vt. 有助于
例句It would advantagehim to go abroad. 出国会对他有好处。
搭配take ad-vantage of 利用，乘…机
to one’s advantage 对某人有利
application [ 7Apli5keiFEn ] n. 请求，申请，申请表；应用，适用；施用，敷用药
例句①The application of new scientific discoveries toindustrial production methods usually increases efficiency.
把新的科学发现运用到工业生产上，通常可以提高效率。
②The unemployed engineer wrote adozen applications for jobs but got nothing.
失业的工程师一连写了十几份求职信，但一无所获。
搭配application to one’s work 专心工作
association [ E7sEusi5eiFEn ] n. 联合，联盟；联想；协会，社团
例句①I benefited a lot from my association with him. 我与他交往获益良多。
②He is a member of theAssociation of University Teachers. 他是大学教师联合会的一名成员。
搭配in association with 与…联系一起
advanced [ Ed5vB:nst ] adj. 在前面的；高深的，高等的，高级的；高龄的，老迈的；先进的
例句①The date of the meeting hasbeen advanced from Friday to Monday. 会议日期已经从星期五提前到星期一。
②The ancient Egyptianshad advanced civilization. 古埃及人曾经拥有高度文明。
搭配advanced science and technology 先进的科学和技术
complaint [ kEm5pleint ] n. 怨言，不满，牢骚；投诉，抱怨，诉苦；疾病
例句Managementignored our complaints that washing facilities were inadequate.
我们投诉卫生设备不足，管理部门不予理睬。
搭配make a complaint to 提出不满意见，提出抱怨
complex [ 5kCmpleks ] adj. 复杂的，综合的
n.综合企业；一组建筑群
例句His political ideas were too complex.他的政见太令人费解。
conference [ 5kCnfErEns ] n. 商谈；讨论；(正式)会议
例句Mr. Smith is inconference with his advisers. 史密斯先生正在和他的顾问们讨论问题。
搭配roundtable conference 圆桌会议
character [ 5kAriktE(r) ] n. 特性，性质，特征；(小说，戏剧等)人物，角色；字，书写符号，印刷符号
例句①The characters in Chinese writing look like small pictures. 汉字看起来像是一幅幅小图画。
②The new buildings have changed the character of the village. 新建筑改变了这个村庄的特点。
③I find all the characters in his new play very real. 我觉得他那出新戏中所有的人物都很真实。
搭配bad character 坏蛋，坏人
by character 根据传闻
gain the character (of) 博得…的名声
in character (with) 和…相称
consequence [ 5kCnsikwEns ] n. 结果，后果；重要(性)
例句①We hadn’t enough money to pay our bus fare, and inconsequence we had to walk.
我们没有足够的钱付车费，结果我们不得不走路。
②She was found guilty, and losther job in consequence (of it)。
她被判有罪，因而失去了工作。
搭配in consequence 因此，结果
in consequence of 由于，因为…的缘故
派生consequential (adj. 重大的，重要的)
consideration [ kEnsidE5reiFEn ] n. 考虑，思考；需要考虑的事，所考虑的事；体谅，照顾
例句①John never showed any consideration for his mother’sfeelings.
约翰从来不体谅他的母亲。
②The cost of consumptionarticles is the first consideration, as far as most ordinary people areconcerned.
就多数普通百姓而言，首先要考虑的是消费品的价格。
③The proposals are still under consideration.
那些提议仍在审议中。
搭配take intoconsideration 考虑到，顾及
out of consideration for 出于对…的考虑，体谅
under consideration 考虑中
show consideration for 考虑，关心…
methodical [ mi5WRdik(E)l ] adj. 有方法的，有条理的，有秩序的
例句He was a methodicaland painstaking man. 他是一个有条理而又苦干的人。
搭配a methodical search 仔细搜查
manage [ 5mAnidV ] v. 经营，管理；设法做到
例句I can’t manageanother mouthful. 我一口也吃不下了。
搭配manage to do sth. 做到…
management [ 5mAnidVmEnt ] n. 管理，经营；主管人员，管理部门
例句He introduced bettermethods of management in this company. 他为本公司引进了更好的管理方法。
overseas [ 5EuvE5si:z ] adj. 海外的，在国外的
adv. 在国外，向海外
例句My brother livesoverseas. 我兄弟住在国外。
operation [ 7CpE5reiFEn ] n. 运转，操作，工作；手术
例句①The new rule will come/go into operation nextmonth. 新规定将在下个月开始实施。
②I underwent an operation on myheart. 我接受过心脏手术。
③The doctor performed the operation on me. 那位医生给我做的手术。
搭配bring/put…intooperation 使实施，使执行
perform an operation on 给…做手术
in operation 运转着，生效
object [ 5CbdVikt ] n. 物，物体；目的，目标；宾语；对象
vi. 反对，拒绝，抱反感
vt. 提出…来反对
例句It was objected thatthis severe measure might hurt people’s feelings.
有人提出反对，说这个严厉的措施可能伤害人们的感情。
搭配no object 不计较
official [ E5fiFEl ] adj. 官方的，正式的
n. 官员，公务员
例句①The President’s official duties include being Commander in Chief. 总统的职责包括担任总司令。
②It’s the first stop on his first official visit tothe US. 这是他对美国的首次官方访问中的第一站。
practical [ 5prAktikEl ] adj. 实际的，实践的；实用的；讲实效的
例句①He gave sound and practical advice. 他提出了很好的，实际可行的建议。
②She was a simple, practical, hardworking woman. 她简朴，实际，勤奋。
survey [ sE:5vei ] v. & n. 检查，鉴定；测量，查勘
例句①According to a recent survey, in Shanghai alone there aremore than 2. 5 million migrant workers.
根据最近的一项调查，单上海就有250多万外来民工。
②Have the house surveyed before you offer to buy it.
在你出价买那房子之前，先找人鉴定一下。
spread [ spred ] v. 展开；涂敷，涂布；(使)传布，(使)散开
n. 范围，广度；传播；涂抹于面包上的食品
例句The table was spreadfor supper. 桌子已摆好，准备吃晚饭。
strict [ strikt ] adj. 严厉的，严格的；明确的，严密的，精确的
例句She was pledged tokeep it a strictsecret. 她发誓对此事绝对保密。
搭配be strict with 对…严格要求
supply [ sE5plai ] v. 供给，供应；满足(需要)
n. 供应，供给之物，现货，现货储存量
例句My father has cut offthe supplies. 父亲停止给我生活费了。
搭配in short supply 供应不足
significant [ si^5nifikEnt ] adj. 重要的，重大的；有特殊意义的
例句①This is one of the most significant studies of thesubject. 这是对该课题最重要的研究之一。
②I don’t know this is so significant for you. 我不知道这个对你的意义有这么大。
enormous [ i5nC:mEs ] adj. 巨大的，庞大的
例句This will bring anenormous impact on the development of Shanghai. 这必将给上海的发展带来巨大的影响。
搭配an enormous amount ofmoney 巨款
an enormous house 巨大的房子
excuse [ iks5kju:z ] v. 宽恕；为…辩解，成为…的理由；免除…的责任
n.托辞，借口，理由；
(pl.) 歉意，道歉
例句Can I be excused fromfootball practice? 足球练习我可以不参加吗？
搭配Excuse me 对不起，请原谅
make an excuse for 为…找个借口
in excuse of 作为…的辩解
figure [ 5fi^E ] n. 外形，轮廓；数字，符号；图形；人物；价格，估价
v. 扮演角色，塑造；计算；估计，以为
例句How do you figurethat? 你如何料到的？
搭配figure out ①想出，理解，明白②计算出，解决
further [5fE:TE] (far的比较级之一) adj. 更远的，更多的，更进一步的
adv. 更远地，更进一步地
vt. 促进，增进，助长
例句①He did his best to further the interests of hisstate. 他竭尽所能增进他那个州的利益。
②Do you need further help? 你还需要帮忙吗？
refuse [ ri5fju:z ] v. 拒绝，推辞，推却
例句①The engine refused to start. 引擎怎么也发动不起来。
②Refuse to do what you don’t want to do. 拒绝做你不想做的事情。
gain [ gein ] v. 获得；赢得；增加，快；(经过努力)到达
n. 营利，得益；收益，利润；增进
例句①We gained our destination before dark. 我们天黑之前到达了目的地。
②The gains are balanced by the losses. 收益被亏损抵销。
treasure [ 5treVE ] n. 金银财宝，财富；瑰宝，不可多得的人才
v. 珍重，珍惜；珍藏
例句①I treasure up my father’s dying words. 我铭记父亲的遗言。
②My secretary’s a real treasure. 我的秘书是个难得的人才。
highly [ 5haili ] adv. 高度，非常；赞许地，高价地
例句Dogs have a highly developedsense of smell. 狗有着高度发达的嗅觉。
搭配think highly of sth. 对…评价很高