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那些年,那些诗
章华

第1章 面朝大海,春暖花开

Facing the Sea with Spring Blossoms

Hai Zi

From tomorrow on,

I will be a happy man;

Grooming,chopping,

and traveling all over the world.

From tomorrow on,

I will care foodstuff and vegetable,

Living in a house towards the sea,

with spring blossoms.

From tomorrow on,

write to each of my dear ones,

Telling them of my happiness,

What the lightening of happiness has told me,

I will spread it to each of them.

Give a warm name for every river and every mountain,

Strangers,I will also wish you happy.

May you have a brilliant future!

May you lovers eventually become spouses!

May you enjoy happiness in this earthly world!

I only wish to face the sea,with spring blossoms.

面朝大海,春暖花开

海 子

从明天起,做一个幸福的人

喂马,劈柴,周游世界

从明天起,关心柴米油盐

我有一所房子,面朝大海,春暖花开。

从明天起,和每一个亲人通信

告诉他们我的幸福

那幸福的闪电告诉我的

我将告诉每一个人。

给每一条河每一座山取一个温暖的名字

陌生人,我也为你祝福

愿你有一个灿烂的前程

愿有情人终成眷属

愿你在尘世获得幸福

我只愿面朝大海,春暖花开。

背景知识

海子(1964-1989),原名查海生,1964年5月出生在安徽省安庆城外的高河查湾。1979年15岁时考入北京大学法律系,1982年开始诗歌创作,1983年毕业后任教于中国政法大学。1989年3月26日,他在河北省山海关卧轨自杀。先后出版的诗集有《河流》、《传说》、《但是水、水》,另有长诗《土地》和仪式诗剧三部曲之一《弑》。

这首诗的开始时对 “幸福” 的渴望,以及 “幸福” 的所指,在诗中被不断地延宕和消解。生存和经验的封闭、局限状态,会助长现实虚空感;或者诗人只能将自己的存在悬系于形而上的层面上,和对于 “幸福” 的想象感受比较起来,诗人更多地感到来自内心追问和内心矛盾困惑的痛苦。思考的孤独感和焦虑感更为沉重实在,构成了海子诗歌的精神核心。

单词注解

foodstuff 食料;粮食

eventually 最后,终于

blossom 开花;开花期

名句诵读

From tomorrow on,I will be a happy man;Grooming,chopping,and traveling all over the world.

Give a warm name for every river and every mountain,Strangers,I will also wish you happy. May you have a brilliant future! May you lovers eventually become spouses! May you enjoy happiness in this earthly world! I only wish to face the sea,with spring blossoms.

Sonnet 18

William Shakespeare

Shall I compare thee to a summer’ s day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

And summer’ s lease hath all too short a date:

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines

And often is his gold complexion dimmed;

And every fair from fair sometimes declines,

By chance or nature’ s changing course untrimmed:

But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’ st.

Nor shall death brag thou wander’ st in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow’ st,

So long as men can breathe,or eyes can see,

So long lives this,and this gives life to thee.

第18号十四行诗

威廉·莎士比亚

我怎么能把你比作夏天呢?

你比它可爱也比它温婉:

狂风把五月的花蕾摇撼,

夏天的足迹匆匆而去:

天上的眼睛有时照得太炽烈,

它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽:

被机缘或无常的天道所摧折,

没有芳艳不凋残或不销毁。

但是你的长夏永远不会凋歇,

你的美艳亦不会遭到损失,

死神也力所不及,

当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。

只要一天有人类,或人有眼睛,

这诗将长存,并赐予你生命。

背景知识

威廉·莎士比亚(William Shakespeare),英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人,欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。他写过154首十四行诗,三或四首长诗。他是 “英国戏剧之父” ,本·琼斯称他为 “时代的灵魂” ,马克思称他为 “人类最伟大的天才之一” ,公认为 “人类文学奥林匹斯山上的宙斯” 。

这是莎士比亚154首十四行诗中的第18首。诗人将自己的心上人比作夏日的一天,又指出夏天其实没有那么完美,夏天不光短暂,还有狂风、骄阳和阴暗;诗人接着说任何美丽都会时过境迁,而只要这些诗篇流传,她就永远活在人们心间。

单词注解

art=are

complexion 面色,肤色;气色

eternal 永久的,永恒的;无穷的

fade 凋谢,枯萎

brag 吹牛,自吹

名句诵读

Shall I compare thee to a summer’ s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’ st.

So long as men can breathe,or eyes can see,So long lives this,and this gives life to thee.

Sand Dunes

Robert Frost

Sea waves are green and wet,

But up from where they die,

Rise others vaster yet,

And those are brown and dry.

They are the sea made land

To come at the fisher town,

And bury in solid sand

The men she could not drown.

She may know cove and cape,

But she does not know mankind

If by any change of shape,

She hopes to cut off mind.

Men left her a ship to sink:

They can leave her a hut as well;

And be but more free to think

For the one more cast-off shell.

沙 丘

罗伯特·弗洛斯特

海浪是绿色而潮湿的,

但从它们平息的处所,

依然卷着更大的浪涛,

而且是褐色的干燥的。

那是变成沙丘的海洋,

涌进渔夫栖息的村镇,

想用坚硬的沙子掩埋,

海水不能淹死的人们。

海或许了解海湾与海角,

却永远无法了解人类,

若她以为改变了形状,

就可以剪断人的思想。

人们留给了她一条船,使其沉没:

同样也能淹没一座小屋;

她们会更加自由地想着,

再一次抛弃那无用的外壳。

背景知识

罗伯特·弗洛斯特(Robert Frost),20世纪美国最杰出的诗人,作品以朴素、深邃著称。他拥有四个普利策诗歌奖、44种名誉学位和种种荣誉。他徒步漫游过许多地方,被认为是 “新英格兰的农民诗人” 。

在这首看似简单的诗歌里,诗人通过人和大海关系的思考来映射生与死,身体与思想之间的关系。

单词注解

dune 沙丘

cape 岬,海角

hut 小屋

shell 壳,贝壳

名句诵读

Sea waves are green and wet,But up from where they die,Rise others vaster yet,And those are brown and dry.

She may know cove and cape,But she does not know mankind

If by any change of shape,She hopes to cut off mind.

Men left her a ship to sink:They can leave her a hut as well;And be but more free to think For the one more cast-off shell.

Ode to the West Wind

Percy Bysshe Shelley

I

O wild West Wind,thou breath of Autumn’ s being,

Thou,from whose unseen presence the leaves dead

Are driven,like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing.

Yellow,and black,and pale,and hectic red,

Pestilence-stricken multitudes:O thou,

Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed

The winged seeds,where they lie cold and low,

Each like a corpse within its grave,until

Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow

Her clarion o’ er the dreaming earth,and fill

(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)

With living hues and odors plain and hill;

Wild Spirit,which art moving everywhere;

Destroyer and preserver;hear,O hear!

II

Thou on whose stream,’ mid the steep sky’ s commotion,

Loose clouds like earth’ s decaying leaves are shed,

Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,

Angels of rain and lightning:there are spread

On the blue surface of thine aery surge,

Like the bright hair uplifted from the head

Of some fierce Maenad,even from the dim verge

Of the horizon to the zenith’ s height,

The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge

Of the dying year,to which this closing night

Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre,

Vaulted with all thy congregated might

Of vapours,from whose solid atmosphere

Black rain,and fire,and hail will burst:O hear!

III

Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams

The blue Mediterranean,where he lay,

Lulled by the coil of his crystalline streams,

Beside a pumice isle in Baiae’ s bay,

And saw in sleep old palaces and towers

Quivering within the wave’ s intenser day,

All overgrown with azure moss and flowers

So sweet,the sense faints picturing them! Thou

For whose path the Atlantic’ s level powers

Cleave themselves into chasms,while far below

The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear

The sapless foliage of the ocean,know

Thy voice,and suddenly grow gray with fear,

And tremble and despoil themselves:O hear!

IV

If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear;

If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee;

A wave to pant beneath thy power,and share

The impulse of thy strength,only less free

Than thou,O uncontrollable! If even

I were as in my boyhood,and could be

The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven,

As then,when to outstrip thy skiey speed

Scarce seemed a vision;I would ne’ er have striven

As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.

O,lift me as a wave,a leaf,a cloud!

I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!

A heavy weight of hours has chained and bowed

One too like thee:tameless,and swift,and proud.

V

Make me thy lyre,even as the forest is:

What if my leaves are falling like its own!

The tumult of thy mighty harmonies

Will take from both a deep,autumnal tone,

Sweet though in sadness. Be thou,Spirit fierce,

My spirit! Be thou me,impetuous one!

Drive my dead thoughts over the universe

Like withered leaves to quicken a new birth!

And,by the incantation of this verse,

Scatter,as from an unextinguished hearth

Ashes and sparks,my words among mankind!

Be through my lips to unawakened earth

The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,

If Winter comes,can Spring be far behind?

西风颂

珀西·比西·雪莱

哦,狂暴的西风啊,你是秋天的气息,

你神出鬼没,万木之叶因此皆枯,

黄叶乱窜,有如鬼魅碰到了巫师。

万叶乱飞,那颜色好似在躲避病魔,

枯黄、乌黑、苍白、潮红,

你啊,正驱使着长翅的种子赶赴到

黑暗、低矮、阴冷的床上过冬

每粒种子就像坟墓里的僵尸,

待到明媚的东君把号角吹响,

大地处处复苏,不再如梦迷离,

唤出嫩芽,像羊群一样,觅食空中

高山平原,姹紫嫣红,弥漫芳菲。

不羁的精灵呵,你无处不远行;

破坏者兼保护者:听吧,你且聆听!

没入你的急流,当高空一片混乱,

流云像大地的枯叶一样被撕扯

脱离天空和海洋的纠缠的枝干。

这是雨和电的先遣,

它们飘落在你的磅礴的、蔚蓝的波涛之上,

有如狂女那飘扬的头发在闪烁,

从天穹的最遥远而模糊的边沿

直抵九霄的中天,到处都在摇曳

欲来雷雨的卷发,对濒死的一年

你是岁之将尽的挽歌,而这密集的黑夜

将成为它广大墓陵的一座圆顶,

而你,凝聚所有水汽的力量把穹顶力挽,

那是你的浑然之气,从它会迸涌

黑色的雨,冰雹和火焰:哦,你听!

你把蓝色的地中海从夏梦中摇醒,

那地中海在澄澈的波浪上闲躺着,

被澄澈水流的回旋催眠入梦,

就在巴亚海湾的一个浮石岛边,

你梦见了古老的宫殿和楼阁

在飘摇的水波中掠影浮光。

那里长满了青苔,盛开着鲜花,

那芬芳真迷人欲醉!呵,为了给你

让一条路,大西洋的汹涌的浪波

把自己向两边劈开,而深在渊底

那水藻和绿色森林

虽然枝叶扶疏,却没有精力;

听到你的声音,它们已吓得发青:

一边颤栗,一边自动萎缩:哦,你听!

假如我是能被你唤起的一片枯叶,

假如我是能随你飞去的一片流云,

如果我是一个浪花在你的威力中喘息,

假如我能有你的脉搏,只是不像

你那么自由,哦,无法约束的生命!

假如我还在童年,能与你一道同行,

便成了你的伴侣,悠游天空

因为,那时候,要想追你上云霄,

似乎并非梦幻,我就不致像如今

这样焦躁地要和你争相祈祷。

哦,举起我吧,当我是水波、树叶、浮云!

我跌在生活的荆棘上,我流血了!

这被岁月的重轭所制服的生命

原是和你一样:所向空阔,自由自在,无拘无束。

把我当作弦琴吧,有如树林:

尽管我的叶落了,但又有何妨!

你巨大的合奏所振起的音乐

将染有树林和我的深邃的秋意:

虽忧伤而甜蜜。呵,但愿你给予我

狂暴的精神!愿你化为我,势不可挡!

请把我枯死的思想向世界吹落,

让它像枯叶一样促成新的生命!

尽这首诗的魔力之所能,

就把我的话语,像是灰烬和火种

在还未熄灭的炉火向人间播散!

通过我的口把预言的号角吹响,

去唤醒沉睡的大地吧!西风你听我说:

如果冬天已经来临,春天还会远吗?

背景知识

珀西·比西·雪莱(Percy Bysshe Shelley),19世纪英国著名浪漫主义诗人。是英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一,被誉为 “诗人中的诗人” 。其一生见识广阔,不仅是柏拉图主义者,更是个伟大的理想主义者。他创作的诗歌节奏明快,积极向上。

这首诗可以说是诗人 “骄傲、轻捷而不驯的灵魂” 的自白,是时代精神的写照。诗人凭借自己的诗才,借助自然的精灵让自己的生命与鼓荡的西风相呼相应,以饱含激情的笔触抒写了 “秋的呼吸--奔放的西风” ,创造了既是破坏者又是保护者的西风形象。感情真挚磅礴,格调高昂激越,用气势恢宏的篇章唱出了生命的旋律和心灵的狂舞。

单词注解

multitude 许多

azure 天蓝色的,蔚蓝的

clarion 号角

aery 梦幻般的,飘渺的

verge 边际,界限

名句诵读

O wild West Wind,thou breath of Autumn’ s being,Thou,from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven,like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing.

Wild Spirit,which art moving everywhere;Destroyer and preserver;hear,O hear!

The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,If Winter comes,can Spring be far behind?

Homesick

Yu Guangzhong

When I was a child,my homesickness was a small stmap

Linking Mum at the other end and me this.

When I grown up,I remained homesick,but it became a ticket.

By which I sailed to and from my bride at the other end.

Then homesickness took the shape of the grave,

Mum inside of it and me outside.

Now I’ m still homesick,but it is a narrow strait

Separating me on this side and the mainland on the other.

乡 愁

余光中

小时候

乡愁是一枚小小的邮票

我在这头

母亲在那头

长大后

乡愁是一张窄窄的船票

我在这头

新娘在那头

后来啊

乡愁是一方矮矮的坟墓

我在外头

母亲在里头

而现在

乡愁是一湾浅浅的海峡

我在这头

大陆在那头

背景知识

余光中(1928-),祖籍福建永春,生于江苏南京,当代著名诗人和评论家。1946年考入厦门大学外文系。1947年入金陵大学外语系(后转入厦门大学),1948年发表第一首诗作,1949年随父母迁香港,次年赴台,就读于台湾大学外文系。1953年,与覃子豪、钟鼎文等共创 “蓝星” 诗社。后赴美进修,获美国爱荷华大学艺术硕士学位。已出版的诗集有《蓝色的羽毛》、《钟乳石》、《莲的联想》、《五陵少年》、《天国夜市》、《白玉苦瓜》、《隔水观音》等。

诗人的思乡之愁不是直白地说出来的,而是通过联想、想象,塑造了四幅生活艺术形象(邮票、船票、坟墓、海峡),使之呈现在读者眼前。作者把对母亲、妻子、祖国的思念、眷念之情熔于一炉,表达出渴望亲人团聚、国家统一的强烈愿望。

单词注解

homesick 思家的

shape 形状;样子

strait 海峡

separate 分隔;分割

名句诵读

When I was a child,my homesickness was a small stmap Linking Mum at the other end and me this.

Then homesickness took the shape of the grave,Mum inside of it and me outside.

Now I’ m still homesick,but it is a narrow strait Separating me on this side and the mainland on the other.

Believe in the Future

Shi Zhi

When cobwebs relentlessly clog my stove

When its dying smoke sighs for poverty

I will stubbornly dig out the disappointing ash

And write with beautiful snowflakes:Believe in the Future

When my overripe grapes melt into late autumn dew

When my fresh flower lies in another’ s arms

I will stubbornly write on the bleak earth

With a dry frozen vine:Believe in the Future

I point to the waves billowing in the distance

I want to be the sea that holds the sun in its palm

Take hold of the beautiful warm pen of the dawn

And write with a child-like hand:Believe in the Future

The reason why I believe so resolutely in the future is:

I believe in the eyes of the future’ s people

Their eyelashes that can brush away the ash of history

Their pupils that can see through the texts of time

It doesn’ t matter whether people shed contrite tears

For our rotten flesh,or our hesitancy,or the bitterness of our failure

Whether they view us with sneers or deep-felt sympathy

Or scornful smiles or pungent satire

I firmly believe that people will judge our spines

And our endless explorations,losses,failures and successes

With an enthusiastic,objective and fair evaluation

Yes,I await their judgement anxiously

Friends,please let us believe in the future

Believe in our unbending striving

Believe in our youth that can conquer death

Believe in the Future:believe in Life.

相信未来

食 指

当蜘蛛网无情地查封了我的炉台

当灰烬的余烟叹息着贫困的悲哀

我依然固执地铺平失望的灰烬

用美丽的雪花写下:相信未来

当我的紫葡萄化为深秋的露水

当我的鲜花依偎在别人的情怀

我依然固执地用凝霜的枯藤

在凄凉的大地上写下:相信未来

我要用手指那涌向天边的排浪

我要用手掌那托住太阳的大海

摇曳着曙光那枝温暖漂亮的笔杆

用孩子的笔体写下:相信未来

我之所以坚定地相信未来

是我相信未来人们的眼睛

她有拨开历史风尘的睫毛

她有看透岁月篇章的瞳孔

不管人们对于我们腐烂的皮肉

那些迷途的惆怅、失败的苦痛

是寄予感动的热泪、深切的同情

还是给以轻蔑的微笑、辛辣的嘲讽

我坚信人们对于我们的脊骨

那无数次的探索、迷途、失败和成功

一定会给予热情、客观、公正的评定

是的,我焦急地等待着他们的评定

朋友,坚定地相信未来吧

相信不屈不挠的努力

相信战胜死亡的年轻

相信未来、热爱生命。

背景知识

食指(1948-),原名郭路生,被称为新诗潮诗歌第一人。20岁时写的名作《相信未来》、《海洋三部曲》、《这是四点零八分的北京》等以手抄本的形式在社会上广为流传。出版的诗集有《相信未来》、《食指·黑大春现代抒情诗合集》、《诗探索金库·食指卷》。

这首诗构思巧妙。前三节写我是怎样 “相信未来” 的,后三节写为什么要 “相信未来” ,最后一节呼唤人们带着对未来的信念去努力,去热爱,去生活。用语质朴,而思想深刻;性格鲜明,又令人折服。全诗以语言的时间艺术,与中国画式的空间艺术相结合,实现了诗人所反复讲述的 “我的诗是一面窗户,是窗含西岭千秋雪” 的艺术。通读该诗,虽然我们感受更多的是压抑是痛苦,但从诗人那压抑和痛苦的吟哦中,读者能真切地感受到诗人那撼人心魄的信念--无时不在渴望和憧憬着光明的未来,并为理想和光明而奋斗挣扎着。

单词注解

cobweb 蜘蛛网;蜘蛛丝

dew 露,露水

conquer 战胜;克服

名句诵读

When cobwebs relentlessly clog my stove When its dying smoke sighs for poverty I will stubbornly dig out the disappointing ash And write with beautiful snowflakes:Believe in the Future

The reason why I believe so resolutely in the future is:I believe in the eyes of the future’ s people Their eyelashes that can brush away the ash of history Their pupils that can see through the texts of time

Friends,please let us believe in the future Believe in our unbending striving Believe in our youth that can conquer death Believe in the Future:believe in Life.

Paradise Lost

John Milton

Nine times the space that measures day and night

To mortal men,he with his horrid crew

Lay vanquished,rolling in the fiery gulf

Confounded though immortal. But his doom

Reserved him to more wrath;for now the thought

Both of lost happiness and lasting pain

Torments him;round he throws his baleful eyes,

That witnessed huge affliction and dismay,

Mixed with obdurate pride and steadfast hate.

At once,as far as angels ken,he views

The dismal situation waste and wild.

A dungeon horrible,on all sides round

As one great furnace flamed;yet from those flames

No light,but rather darkness visible

Served only to discover sights of woe,

Regions of sorrow,doleful shades,where peace

And rest can never dwell,hope never comes

That comes to all,but torture without end

Still urges,and a fiery deluge,fed

With ever-burning sulphur unconsumed:

Such place Eternal Justice had prepared

For those rebellious;here their prison ordained

In utter darkness and their portion set

As far removed from God and light of Heaven

As from the centre thrice to th’ utmost pole.

O how unlike the place from whence they fell!

There the companions of his fall,o’ erwhelmed

With floods and whirlwinds of tempestuous fire,

He soon discerns;and,weltering by his side,

One next himself in power,and next in crime,

Long after known in Palestine,and named

Beelzebub. To whom th’ arch-enemy,

And thence in Heaven called Satan,with bold words

Breaking the horrid silence thus began:

“If thou beest he but O how fallen! how changed

From him who in the happy realms of light

Clothed with transcendent brightness didst outshine

Myriads,though bright! if he whom mutual league,

United thoughts and counsels,equal hope

And hazard in the glorious enterprise,

Joined with me once,now misery hath joined

In equal ruin;into what pit thou seest

From what height fallen,so much the stronger proved

He with his thunder:and till then who knew

The force of those dire arms? Yet not for those,

Nor what the potent Victor in his rage

Can else inflict,do I repent or change,

Though changed in outward luster,that fixed mind

And high disdain,from sense of injured merit,

That with the Mightiest raised me to contend,

And to the fierce contention brought along

Innumerable force of spirits armed,

That durst dislike his reign,and me preferring,

His utmost power with adverse power opposed

In dubious battle on the plains of Heaven,

And shook his throne. What though tile field be lost?

All is not lost:the unconquerable will,

And study of revenge,immortal hate,

And courage never to submit or yield:

And what is else not to be overcome?

That glory never shall his wrath or might

Extort from me. To bow and sue for grace

With suppliant knee,and deify his power

Who from the terror of this arm so late

Doubted his empire that were low indeed;

That were an ignominy and shame beneath

This downfall;since by fate the strength of gods

And this empyreal substance cannot fail;

Since,through experience of this great event,

In arms not worse,in foresight much advanced,

We may with more successful hope resolve

To wage by force or guile eternal war,

Irreconcilable to our grand Foe,

Who now triumphs,and in th’ excess of joy

Sole reigning holds the tyranny of Heaven.”

So spake th’ apostate angel,though in pain,

Vaunting aloud,but racked with deep despair.

……

失乐园节选

约翰·弥尔顿

根据人间的计算,大约九天九夜,

他和他那一伙可怕的徒众,

沉沦辗转在烈火的深渊中。

虽属不死之身,却与死者无异;

但这个刑罚反激起他更大的愤怒,

既失去了幸福,又饱受无穷痛苦的折磨。

当他抬起忧虑的双眼,环视周遭,

摆在眼前的是莫大的隐忧和烦恼,

交织着顽固的傲气和难消的憎恨。

霎时间,他竭尽天使的目力,

望断际涯,但见悲风弥漫,浩渺无垠,

可怕的地牢从四面八方圈着他,

像一个洪炉的烈火四射,但那火焰

却不发光,只是灰蒙蒙的一片,

但能辨认出那儿的苦难情景,

悲惨的境地和凄怆的暗影。

和平和安息绝不在那儿停留,

希望无所不到,唯独不到那里。

只有无穷无尽的苦难步步相跟

永燃的硫璜不断地添注,

不灭的火焰,洪水般向他们滚滚逼来。

这个地方,就是正义之神为那些

叛逆者准备的,在天外的冥荒中

为他们设置的牢狱,那个地方

远离天神和天界的亮光,

相当于天极到中心的三倍那么远。

啊,这里和他所从坠落的地方

简直有天壤之别呀!

和他一起坠落的伙伴们

淹没在烈火的洪流和旋风之中,

他依稀可辨,在他近旁挣扎的,

论权力和罪行都仅次于他的神魔,

后来在巴勒斯坦知道他的名字叫别西卜。

这个在天上叫做撒旦的首要神敌

以豪壮的言语打破可怕的沉寂,开始向他的伙伴这样说道:

“是你啊;这是何等的坠落!

何等的变化呀!你原来住在光明的乐土,

全身披覆着无比的光辉,

胜过群星的灿烂:

你曾和我结成同盟,同心敌忾,

搏击于光荣的大事业中

现在,我们是从高高在上的天界

沉沦到了不可测的深渊呀!他握有雷霆,

确是强大,谁知道这凶恶的

武器竟有那么大的威力呢?

可是,那威力,那强有力的

胜利者的狂暴,都不能

叫我沮丧,或者叫我改变初衷,

虽然外表的光环消失了,

但坚定的心志和岸然的骄矜

决不转变;由于真价的受损,

激动了我,决心和强权决一胜负,

率领无数天军投入剧烈的战斗,

他们都厌恶天神的统治而来拥护我,

拿出全部力量跟至高的权力对抗,

在天界疆上做一次冒险的战斗,

动摇了他的宝座。我们损失了什么?

并非一无所剩:坚定的意志、

热切的复仇心、不来的憎恨,

以及永不屈服、永不退让的勇气,

还有什么比这些更难战胜的吗?

他的暴怒也罢,威力也罢,

绝不能夺去我这份光荣。

经过这一次惨烈的战争,

好容易才使他的政权动摇;

这时还要卑躬屈膝,

向他哀求怜悯,拜倒在他的权力之下,

那才真正是卑鄙、可耻,

比这次的沉沦还要卑贱。

因为我们具有与生俱来的神力,

赋有轻清的灵质,不能朽坏,

又因这次大事件的教训,

我们要准备更好的武器,

更远的预见,更有成功的希望,

以暴力或智力向我们的大敌

挑起不可调解的持久战争。

他现在正沉湎于成功,得意忘形,

独揽大权,在天上掌握虐政呢。”

背叛的天使忍痛说出豪言壮语

心却为深沉的失望所苦。

……

背景知识

约翰·弥尔顿 (John Milton) ,生于伦敦一个富裕的清教徒家庭,在剑桥大学求学时和毕业后一个时期,钻研古代和文艺复兴时期文学,深受人文主义思想熏陶。1638年他旅行意大利,访问过被天主教会关在狱里的伽利略,并和意大利的文人学者交往。1639年,英国革命形势紧张,他回国参加反对国王和国教的斗争。他因积劳过度,双目失明,但仍坚持斗争。王朝复辟后,他受到迫害,著作被焚毁,生活极其贫困。就在这个时期,他完成了三部杰作:《失乐园》、《复乐园》和《力士参孙》。

《失乐园》以史诗一般的磅礴气势揭示了人的原罪与堕落。诗中叛逆之神撒旦,因为反抗上帝的权威被打入地狱,却毫不屈服,为复仇寻至伊甸园。亚当与夏娃受被撒旦附身的蛇的引诱,偷吃了上帝明令禁吃的知识树上的果子。最终,撒旦及其同伙遭谴全变成了蛇,亚当与夏娃被逐出了伊甸园。该诗体现了诗人追求自由的崇高精神,是世界文学史、思想史上的一部极重要的作品!

单词注解

vanquish 征服,击败

ken 视野,眼界

furnace 火炉,熔炉

fierce 凶猛的;残酷的

empyreal 最高天的;太空的

名句诵读

Nine times the space that measures day and night To mortal men,he with his horrid crew Lay vanquished,rolling in the fiery gulf Confounded though immortal.

At once,as far as angels ken,he views The dismal situation waste and wild.

So spake th’ apostate angel,though in pain,Vaunting aloud,but racked with deep despair. 7IdqExhoQpu03hotstfR01M+KXtQNN1+RqRTz4yhRZe5LAY9OVkUm5oQA6FX79Hm

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