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听力可以说是中国学生英语学习的最大障碍。很多顺利通过四、六级考试的学生也表示听力部分能真正听懂的实在是寥寥无几。很多人都是根据听懂的只言片语，再利用推理，排除部分选项的考试策略选择答案的。（国内有些听力教材还提出了只看答案就能选出正确答案的系统 “理论” 。）这样做，考试是有可能通过的，但实际掌握运用英语的能力就只有自己知道了。
突破四级英语听力的两个有效途径：
一是打好基本功，二是从慢速英语入手。
关于听力基本功的认识问题，大家开始练习听力的时候，千万不可急于求成，一开始就去听那些原版的标准速度的听力资料，一方面这样的方法极不科学；另一方面也会给自己刚刚培养起来的自信心带来巨大的重创。十有八九都会很快放弃。感觉简直是在听天书，十几分钟的录音下来能够把Topic听准确已经是很不错了，当中的细节部分根本没有时间反应就一闪而过了。这种过程简直就是一种 “煎熬” 。当然也有少数意志力惊人的朋友坚持了下来。但是由于方法的失策，自己把大量的时间精力投入其中，可是回报却难以和付出平衡，收效甚微。有的考生总是泛泛而听，而且总是听些已经有中文背景知识的广播，就会造成一种错觉，好象什么都听懂了，又好象什么也没听懂。大意能够抓住（其实是有背景知识的原故），真正精确到每一句话，每一个单词却总是丢三落四的，不能准确达意。这种沙上建塔的 “辛劳” 永远也不会建成坚固的大厦，而总是在进行建了倒下、倒下了再建的重复劳动。
再说从慢速英语入手，这是真正科学的听力突破方法。下面给大家具体谈一谈练习的方法：
下载完相关的听力资料后，用realplayer G2进行播放，不推荐大家看原文，尤其对那些本来就很清晰的听力资料。主要是希望大家不要依赖原文，自己一定要一个单词一个单词的完全听懂。有的同学说我有那么几个单词实在听不懂怎么办？大家想一想，慢速英语的单词量是1500到2000，也就是说比一个较好的高中生的单词量已经超过了许多，更何况四六级。听不懂的唯一原因绝对不是生词的问题，只能是你对这个单词的发音极其陌生，大脑根本没有反映。如果让你看一看原文，你会不屑一顾的，但在听的时候却不知所云。起初练习的时候有些同学说这段录音我已经听了十遍了，当中的几个单词就是听不出来。接下来要做的就是要保证这一段录音是完完全全听懂了。什么是完完全全听懂了呢？就是每听完一句话，你都能准确地复述出来，包括每一个单词。这里在语音上要注意了，由于是慢速英语，只要你有正常的听力能力再加上一定的毅力，就完全可以把自己的发音模仿得和VOA的播音员没什么两样！
上面所介绍的听力方法都是针对慢速英语的，大家不要操之过急，一步一个脚印，你的听力就会有长足进步。
一、短对话
大学英语四级考试中听力短对话的话题基本是衣、食、住、行等日常生活中常见的话题或与学校生活相关的话题。例如：2006年12月四级考试中的听力短对话出现了圣诞节礼物、喜爱的食物、买歌剧门票以及会说几种语言等话题。听力短对话虽然短小，但是不应忽视，如果掌握方法，这部分得高分还是很容易的。要答好这部分题目，首先要区分说话者的性别，其次是弄清说话者的观点，最后再排除干扰项，得出答案。下面我们首先来看看听力短对话的常考题型和提问方式，再根据它们的特点分析一下短对话的解题方法。
（一）短对话的题型大体上分为以下五类：
1. 时间类：这类题目经常以when来提问。
例如：W：Your library books are due on December 13th. If you have not finished using them by then，you may renew them once.
M：Thank you very much. I only need them for a few days.
Q：When must the man return his books to the library？
2. 地点及场所类：经常以where提问，比如问对话发生的地点。这类题在听力对话题中比较简单，考生只需掌握表示地点及方位的介词短语，抓住其中的关键场景特点，就能辨认出对话发生的场所。当你听到boarding一词的时候，应该马上联想到机场。
例如：M：I need to cash this check.
W：Will you step right over to the teller’ s window，please？
Q：Where is the conversation most probably taking place？
3. 数字类：一般来说需要进行简单的换算，这类题目比较简单，是听力中的拿分题。
例如：W：Do you live in a college dormitory？
M：Yes，I do. It’ s a six—man suite，but at the moment only four of us live there.
Q：How many people share the suite now？
4. 人物关系及身份类：此类对话提供一个情节，能反映所涉及人的关系或身份。人物关系及身份类题型几乎每次考试都会出现，我们可以通过抓关键的特征词来判断。四级听力中常见的人物关系及身份有teacher and student，librarian and student，shop assistant and customer，doctor and patient，waiter （waitress）and customer。
5. 活动类：这一类谈话内容可涉及上课、娱乐、工作、日常生活等各种情况。
例如：M：Professor Smith asked me to go to his office after class. So it’ s impossible for me to make it to the bar at ten.
W：Then it seems that we’ ll have to meet an hour later at the library.
Q：What will the man do first after class？
（二）短对话的提问方式通常包括以下六种：
1. 问 “是什么、要什么” 等。例如：
What is the man’ s answer？
What does the woman want for lunch？
What kind of books does the man want to borrow？
2. 问 “做什么” 。例如：
What will the man do first after class？
What does the woman tell the man to do first？
What will happen if John fails the exam？
What does the woman want the man to do？
What would the woman most probably do？
3. 问 “什么含义” 。例如：
What does the woman mean？
What does the man mean （imply）？
What does the woman’ s answer suggest？
4. 问 “从对话中能获得什么信息或结论” 。例如：
What do we learn from the conversation？
What do we learn about John from the conversation？
What do we learn about the taxi driver？
5. 问 “对某人或某事有什么看法” 。例如：
What does the man think of Miss Brown？
What does the woman think of the plan？
6. 问 “对话可能是在什么场所发生的” 。例如：
Where does this conversation most probably take place？
Where does this conversation most likely occur？
Where are the man and the woman？
总之，短对话的提问方式通常是特殊疑问句。除了以上这些提问方式，通常还有提问时间、提问人物关系及身份、提问数字等。无论是哪种提问方式，都是和听力的对话内容和题目类型相对应的，只要我们把握了对话的重要信息就可以快速正确地选出答案。
（三）短对话的四个解题方法：
1. 可以利用录音正式开始之前的几分钟——播放考试说明的时间，快速浏览选项，对所谈论的话题和相关的信息有个大概的了解。比如看到下面的选项：
A）At the airport.
B）In a restaurant.
C）In a booking office.
D）At the hotel reception.
我们就可以推断这个题目很可能问的是对话发生的地点，属于地点类题型。所以我们在听的时候就要特别注意谈话的环境和对话中出现的关于场所的词语。在平时的学习中应掌握一些常用的句型。比如向他人提出建议或请求时，往往采用委婉的方式来表达。
表示建议的常用句型：If I were you，I’ ll……/Why don’ t you……？/How about……？/Maybe you’ d better……/Perhaps we can……
表示请求的常用句型：I wonder if you……/Would /Could you tell me……？/I’ ll appreciate it if you……
2. 另外我们可以边听边做速记，当遇到一时难以判断的题时，可以等听力结束后再回过头来仔细推敲，避免在某一题上花太多时间。遇到内容较复杂的谈话时，记在不同选项旁的关键词可以帮助我们很快找到正确答案。比如在解答有关数字类的题目时，速记就显得尤为重要。
3. 在把握细节的基础上，我们要全面掌握整体意思，排除貌合神离的选项。在所提供的四个选项中，有三个是干扰项，干扰项的设计通常是提供一个读音与对话中某一词组十分相似的选项或提供一个在对话中出现过的词，以达到干扰效果。
例如：
M：Registration always takes so long.
W：What bothers me is all the people who cut in line.
Q：What bothers the woman？
A）Registration.
B）When the line breaks.
C）How long the line is.
D）People who don’ t wait their turn.
其中，B）、C）两项都出现了 “line” 一词，这是在对话中出现过的，许多考生可能被误导选B），而实际上让女士厌烦的是 “people who cut in line” ，因此选项D） “People who don’ t wait their turn” 才是正确的。
4. 最后需要指出的很重要的一点是：做听力题时，要注意谈话的环境，重点听主要信息和目的，不要试图听清每一个词。听力测试的设题目的是考查我们对于对话主要内容的全面把握，而不是像听写一样，去听清每一个词。
Try out
1. W：Carol made up for the time she missed by working overtime.
M：That’ s why I saw her working the weekend shift.
Q：What did Carol do？
A）Missed her friends. B）Worked over the weekend.
C）Made up a story. D）Timed her job.
2. W：How about Mike？Have you seen him after the big earthquake？
M：Yes，he is physically sound，but he won’ t talk to anybody and he is very afraid of the night.
Q：What do we learn about Mike？
A）He is healthy. B）He doesn’ t like sound.
C）He lacks sleep. D）He has psychological problems.
3. W：Donna’ s birthday is around the corner. What should I give her as a present？
M：Well，she’ s interested in fashion and you know nothing about fashion. So，you could just cook a dinner for her. That is much easier for you.
Q：What does the man imply？
A）The woman is very ignorant.
B）Donna is a shallow girl.
C）Cooking is more interesting than fashion.
D）The woman is good at cooking.
答案解析
1. B）此题中的选项C） “Made up a story” 即是利用对话中出现过的词组迷惑考生的，而从Man的谈话中，我们知道Carol worked “the weekend shift” ，即 “worked over the weekend” 。故选B）
2. D）原文中说到Mike身体很好，但是不和别人说话而且很害怕夜晚，可见他的心理由于地震产生了一些问题。故选D）
3. D）原文中Man说 “That is much easier for you.” that是指 “cook a dinner for her” ，可见，Man的意思是说Woman更擅长做饭。故选D）
（一）数字信息类
数字信息是我们练习听力的重要起点。听力问题一般涉及到时间、年龄、数量、速度、价格等信息。
提问方式通常为：
What？time？did？Suzy？leave？home？
How？much？does？one？ticket？cost？
When？is？the？train？leaving？
此类题型的解题技巧如下：
1. 速记信息。
这类题目的对话中一般都不会只出现一个数字，因此一定要对出现的数字及相关要点信息进行速记。
2. 听清问题。
做这类题目时，必须清楚地抓住问题是针对什么提问，然后才能根据记录的信息将答案对号入座。
3. 不要直接填答案。
这类题目的答案一般都不会是原文中数字信息的再现，往往需要经过简单的运算才能得出答案。
EXERCISE
Directions：In this section，you will hear 3short conversations. At the end of each conversation，one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A），B），C），and D），and decide which is the best answer.
1. A）2：30B）2：00C）1：30D）1：00
2. A）50%B）30%C）12%D）20%
3. A）1hourB）2hoursC）1.5hoursD）2.5hours
【参考答案及解析】
1. A）女士认为一点开始上课比较早，让男士不要为自己迟到而感到难堪，男士纠正了女士的说法，说课程已经改在两点开始了，而自己又迟到了半个小时，所以男士到达教室的时间是两点半。
2. C）40%的学生都会准备考研，但是只有其中的一半可以坚持到最后，而在坚持的人中有60%可以成功考取，所以最终可以进入研究生院学习的学生占学生总人数的比例是40%×50%×60%=12%。
3. C）这个题目并不是一个确切的数字做答案，而是一个区间。男士说： “现在的孩子随着年级的增高写家庭作业的时间越来越长了，这是不是真的？” 女士表示认同，并举自己孩子为例，一年级的时候用一个小时写作业，现在五年级了要花两个小时，问题是四年级时候可能的时间是多少。结合两个人的观点，应该是在一小时和两小时之间，只有一个半小时这个答案是符合这个区间的，是正确答案。
听力原文
1. W：Don’ t blame yourself too much. It is too early to start the afternoon class at 1：00pm.
M：No，the class has been rescheduled to 2：00pm，and I was still 30minutes late yesterday.
Q：When did the man get to class yesterday？
2. M：I hear that our poll reveals that 40%of our graduates want to continue their study after graduation.
W：Yes，but only 50%will persist to attend the examination actually，and only 60%of them would successfully get into the graduate school.
Q：How many students from this school can get into graduate school？
3. M：Is it true that students spend more time on their homework as they move on with their schooling？
W：Yes，it took 1hour for my boy to finish his homework when he was in 1st grade，and now he is in 5th grade，he needs to spend 2hours on it.
Q：How much time would the woman’ s son probably spend on his homework as a 4th grader？
（二）地点场景类
听力问题是关于对话发生的场合、地点或者涉及到的人或事物所处的位置。
地点场景题是历年四级考试中必考之题，做这类题时，应根据其对话内容，抓住其中的关键场景特点，以此辨认对话发生的场所。如：通过class，examination，teacher等词断定谈话是在学校；通过waiter，menu，tip等词判断对话发生在饭店。另外注意相关地点及场所的名词前的介词，如：in a bank，at the airport，on the floor。
提问方式通常为：
Where is the conversation most probably taking place？
Where are the two people？
以下是相关地点和场所文章中经常出现的信息词：
bank银行
deposit 存款interest 利息check 支票
open an account 开户money exchange 兑钱currency 通货
ATM 自动取款机overdraw 透支teller 出纳
post office邮局
letter 信stamp 邮票envelope 信封
postage 邮费ordinary mail 普通邮递express mail 特快邮递
zip code 邮政编码package 包裹registered letter 挂号信
airmail 航空邮件telegram 电报overweight 超重的
remittance 汇款
railway station火车站
platform 站台waiting—room 候车室inquiry office 咨询室
ticket office 售票点one—way ticket 单程车票
return ticket/round—trip ticket 双程票
airport飞机场
plane飞机waiting lounge 休息室duty—free shop 免税商店
first class 头等舱business class 商务舱economy class 经济舱
direct flight 直航domestic flight 国内航班air hostess 空姐
international flight 国际航班No Smoking Area 禁烟区seatbelt 安全带
take off 起飞land 降落gate number 门号
departure 出发arrival 到达luggage office 行李房
see off 给（某人）送行
restaurant饭店
menu 菜单waiter 男服务员waitress 女服务员
pay the bill 买单main dish 主菜appetizer 开胃菜
dessert 甜点a table for four 四人桌well—done 十成熟
tender 嫩的rare 稀少的reserve a table 订桌
beef 牛肉mutton 羊肉pork 猪肉
steak 牛排chicken 鸡肉salad 沙拉
cabbage 卷心菜potato 马铃薯tomato 西红柿
fish 鱼sandwich 三明治pizza 比萨
hamburger 汉堡apple pie 苹果派tray 碟
fork 叉knife 小刀spoon 匙
coffee 咖啡soup 汤shrimp 虾
pudding 布丁
hotel宾馆
single room with bath 带洗手间的单人房double room 双人房
suite 一套房presidential suite 总统套房lobby 大厅
check in 登记check out 结账room number 房间号码
receptionist 接待员reserve a room 订房fill a form 填表
rent 租金
library图书馆
borrow a book 借书return a book 还书renew 续借
catalog 目录index 索引title 书名
author 作者subject 科目library card 借书证
periodical 期刊magazine 杂志journal 日报
reference book 参考书dictionary 词典science fiction 科幻小说
novel 小说
hospital医院
run a fever 发烧nose congestion 鼻塞flu 感冒
sore throat 喉痛cough 咳嗽pills 药片
indigestion 消化不良headache 头疼toothache 牙疼
stomachache 胃痛cancer 癌症clinic 诊所
injection 注射surgeon 外科医生physician 内科医生
dentist 牙医operation 手术treatment 治疗
prescribe some medicines 开药方take the temperature 测体温
intensive care unit 重症监护室emergency room 急诊室
school学校
campus 校园dormitory 宿舍thesis 论文
auditorium 礼堂drop out 退学required course 必修课
graduation 毕业deadline 最后期限term 学期
lecturer 讲师tutor 家教professor 教授
tuition 学费group discussion 集体讨论seminar 研讨会
mid—term exam 中考quiz 小测试final exam 终考
freshman 新生sophomore 大二学生junior 大三学生
senior 大四学生
optional/elective course 选修课gymnasium 体育馆/健身房
undergraduate student 大学肄业生postgraduate student 研究生
telephone office电话亭
operator 接线员long distance call 长途dial a number 拨号
leave a message 留话wrong number 错号yellow pages 黄页
ring sb. up 给某人打电话the line is busy 线路忙hang up 挂断
telephone directory 电话号簿extension number 分号
customs house 海关
passport 护照visa 签证overweight 超重
luggage 行李（英）
hardware store 五金店
tool 工具nail 钉子steel ruler 钢尺
wire 电线scissors 剪刀hammer 铁锤
office 办公室
boss 老板secretary 秘书employee 受雇者
employer 雇主applicant 申请人candidate 候选人
vacation 假期interview 面试qualification 资格
type a letter 打字send a fax 发传真arrange the file 整理文件
computer 电脑printer 打印机copier 复印机
resume 简历job experience 工作经验salary 薪水
wage 工资income 收入
court 法庭
judge 法官lawyer 律师jury 陪审团
crime 犯罪guilty 有罪not guilty 无罪
innocent 清白的accuse 控诉sentence 判决
常见的地点场景提问方式：
（1）Where does this conversation must probably/likely take place？
（2）Where are the man and woman at the moment？
（3）Where are the two speakers？
（4）Where did it happen？
（5）Where is the man probably going to work？
EXERCISE
Directions：In this section，you will hear 3short conversations. At the end of each conversation，one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A），B），C）and D），and decide which is the best answer.
1. A）In a museum. B）In a cinema.
C）In a restaurant. D）In a hospital.
2. A）At the Computer Center. B）At home.
C）At company. D）At the Oak Street.
3. A）In the park. B）Between two buildings.
C）In his apartment. D）Under a huge tree.
【参考答案及解析】
1. C）地点题。从menu和order这些信息可以知道对话发生在一个餐馆里。
2. C）由选项预测本题是对地点提问，听录音时应着重听表示地点的词。从男士话中I'd like to speak to……可知他在打电话找Mr. Jones，而接电话的是女士，从她答话中的not at home，business phone以及call him at work可以推断出答案是at company。
3. D）原文中男士说到包的位置是在树下，所以选D）树的位置 “between the park and the apartment building” ，可知A）、B）、C）均为错误选项。
听力原文
1. M：May I see the menu？I’ ve been waiting for half an hour already.
W：Here you are. I'll be back for your order in just a minute.
Q：Where does this conversation take place？
2. M：Good morning，I'd like to speak to Mr. Jones，please. This is Tim Kunts at the Oak Street computer center.
W：Mr. Kunts，my husband isn't at home. I can give you his business phone if you'd like to call him at work，though.
Q：Where is Mr. Kunts now？
3. W：Where did you find this bag？
M：It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment building.
Q：Where did the man find the bag？
（三）人物身份关系类
利用四个答案来扩展联想相关的信息词汇，提前作好准备；并通过场景判断身份，抓住原文中与职业相关的关键信息词且听清问的是哪方的职业或身份。
常见的职业身份提问方式：
（1）Who is the woman most probably speaking to？
（2）What’ s the man’ s job？
（3）What does the woman probably do？
（4）What is the profession of the man？
此类题型的解题技巧如下：
1. 注意称呼语。
对话中的称呼语往往会直接暴露出说话人的身份或说话双方的关系，比如Mr. 一词就表明对方很可能是自己的上级或老师。
2. 捕捉关键词及人物语气。
解答这类试题，不但要熟悉体现某种人物关系或某种职业的相关词汇，而且要注意说话人的语气和态度，比如师生之间、夫妻之间、家长与孩子之间以及老板与员工之间的说话方式和语气均有自己的特点。
3. 常考职业身份
四级对话中常涉及的职业身份包括：
教授（professor）秘书（secretary）
医生（doctor）老板（boss）
服务员（waiter/waitress）主人（host/hostess）
修理工（repairer，plumber，electrician……）
家庭角色（husband，wife，son，daughter，girlfriend……）
4. 常考人物关系
四级对话中常涉及的人物关系包括：
夫妻（husband —wife）父子（father —son）
母子（mother —son）师生（teacher —student）
同学（schoolmate/classmate）同事（colleague）
老板与秘书（boss —secretary）雇主与雇员（employer —employee）
医生与病人（doctor —patient）服务员与顾客（waiter/waitress—customer）
主人与客人（host/hostess —guest）警察与司机（policeman —driver）
管理员与借阅者（librarian —reader）房东与租房者（landlord/landlady —tenant）
人物关系题除了了解相关人物身份的关键信息提示词外，还需要通过特殊身份相互之间使用的特殊语言及语气来判断其相互关系，并通过选项提前作好预测。下面是若干人物关系经常出现的语气用词：
（1）夫妻、恋人常用亲昵温柔的语气：
dear，darling
（2）店员与顾客常用客气的语气：
sir，madam
Can I……？What would you like to have？
（3）下属对老板常用恭敬服帖的语气：
Mr. ，Mrs.
OK，could you please……？
（4）亲朋好友常用简洁随便的语气：
Hi！What’ s up？
Some water？
（5）父母、老师教训子女、学生常用严厉的语气：
Don’ t you remember……？What are you doing？
（6）医生询问病人的语气：
You need to take……What’ s the trouble with you？
EXERCISE
Directions：In this section，you will hear 3short conversations. At the end of each conversation，one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A），B），C）and D），and decide which is the best answer.
1. A）railway porterB）A bus conductor
C）A taxi driverD）A postal clerk
2. A）PatientB）Doctor
C）PharmacistD）Physicist
3. A）A studentB）A teacher
C）A doctorD）An eye—doctor
【参考答案及解析】
1. D）提前对四个选项（railway porter，bus conductor，taxi driver，postal clerk）积累相关词汇，再来听一听，你会发现本题关键信息词send this parcel，postage可推断出对话的场景是在邮局，所以男士的身份是D）选项a postal clerk。
2. B）通过四个选项不难发现这题肯定是考有关于病的职业，patient，doctor是常见的对应考点，极有可能答案在这两个选项里面，考生一定要听清问的是谁的职业，不要张冠李戴。这位男士提到prescription for some pills（药方），并且后面的语气see me if you still don’ t feel well（如果不舒服再来找我），很明显man的身份是医生B）
3. D）人物关系题。男士说他想配一副眼镜，女士让他先用视力表检查一下视力再说，由此可以判断这位女士应当是一名眼科医生。
听力原文
1. W：Excuse me，sir. I’ m going to send this parcel to London. What’ s the postage for it？
M：Let me see. It’ s one pound and fifty.
Q：Who is the woman most probably speaking to？
2. M：Here is a prescription for some pills. Come back and see me if you still don’ t feel well.
W：Thank you very much for seeing me.
Q：What’ s the man’ s job？
3. M：I think I may need glasses，but I’ m not entirely sure.
W：I’ ll be able to tell you once you have looked at this vision chart.
Q：What is the woman’ s profession？
渐进实测练习
Exercise 1
Directions：In this section，you will hear 8short conversations. At the end of each conversation，one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A），B），C）and D），and decide which is the best answer.
1. A）In the street. B）At home.
C）On the phone. D）At an office.
2. A）At a ticket office. B）In a bookstore.
C）In an architect’ s office. D）At a train station.
3. A）At a school. B）At a bank.
C）At a post office. D）At a bus station.
4. A）He is a plumber. B）He is a telephone operator.
C）He is a salesman. D）He is an electrician.
5. A）Colleagues. B）Husband and wife.
C）Employer and employee. D）Mother and son.
6. A）He is a librarian. B）He is a professor.
C）He is an accountant. D）He is a reporter.
7. A）$2400B）$2000
C）$1400D）$2200
8. A）20%B）30%
C）40%D）10%
Exercise 2
Directions：In this section，you will hear 8short conversations. At the end of each conversation，one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A），B），C）and D），and decide which is the best answer.
1. A）At the office. B）Home in bed.
C）On his way to work. D）Away on vacation.
2. A）In the hospital. B）At a store.
C）In the classroom. D）At a bank.
3. A）In a plane. B）In a car.
C）At a shop. D）On a farm.
4. A）Travel agency clerk. B）Office secretary.
C）Youth hostel manager. D）Hotel receptionist.
5. A）A traffic guard. B）An author.
C）A salesman. D）A student.
6. A）His wife. B）A travel agent staff.
C）A waiter. D）A hotel clerk.
7. A）40%B）25%
C）35%D）50%
8. A）10B）8
C）6D）12
Exercise 3
Directions：In this section，you will hear 8short conversations. At the end of each conversation，one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A），B），C）and D），and decide which is the best answer.
1. A）Librarian and student. B）Operator and caller.
C）Boss and secretary. D）Customer and repairman.
2. A）A math teacher and his colleague. B）A teacher and his student.
C）A student and his classmate. D）A librarian and a student.
3. A）$2400B）$3200
C）$1600D）$800
4. A）He’ s a secretary. B）He’ s a novelist.
C）He’ s a newspaperman. D）He’ s a worker.
5. A）England. B）Here.
C）France. D）Germany.
6. A）In a train. B）In a theater.
C）In a supermarket. D）In a classroom.
7. A）At a post office. B）At a party.
C）At a flower shop. D）In the street.
8. A）She is not sure if she can join them. B）She will skip the class to see the film.
C）She will ask the professor for leave. D）She does not want to see a film.
测试答案及详解
Exercise 1
1. 【解析】C）地点题。注意关键词 “Is this 4700248？……dialed” 。由此可知，这次谈话是通过电话进行的。
2. 【解析】B）地点题。推测发生地点。男士问： “我的字典到了没有？” 女士回答： “很抱歉，先生，我们本周未收到任何订货。” 据此可推知男士想订购字典，所以很可能发生在书店。
3. 【解析】B）地点题。savings account指的是 “储蓄存款账户” ，可见这段对话是在银行发生的。
4. 【解析】D）人物关系题。注意对话中出现的关键词heater，temperature，从这些关键词可以推测出男士的职业应当是electrician（电工）
5. 【解析】D）人物关系题。原文中 “扩大我的词汇量” 显然说话者是学生，据女士的话 “不记得我作的保证了？” 可推知：其为家长，因此两者的关系应为母子。A）、B）、C）均不符合原文中的身份关系。
6. 【解析】C）人物关系题。account账目，听懂了这个单词后基本上这道试题的答案就出来了。
7. 【解析】A）女士询问自己申请工作的待遇情况，得到的回答是基本工资1000美金，交通和通讯费用补贴400美金，以及以1000美金封顶的销售提成，所以这位女士所申请的职位每月最多可以拿到的薪水应该是前面这三个数字相加的总和，也就是2400美金。
8. 【解析】B）男士抱怨在交通高峰时期简直没有办法开车，女士认可这一观点，进而指出其中的原因是只有20%的人选择乘坐公共交通工具，如果费用可以下调40%的话，会有另外10%的人加入到乘坐公共交通工具的行列。最后询问有多少人会在调价之后选择公共交通，应该是20%和后面的10%的总和，也就是30%。
Exercise 2
1. 【解析】B）地点题。注意关键词 “stay in bed” ，这是个非常简单的短语，听到这个短语后我们可以判断选项B）为正确答案。
2. 【解析】D）地点题。注意关键词 “open an account（开立账户），a current account（活期储蓄账户）” 。通过这些关键词可以判断对话发生在银行里面。
3. 【解析】A）地点题。从 “fasten your seat belt ” 和 “land” 可知对话发生在飞机上。
4. 【解析】D）人物关系题。本题为推测关系，侧重点是职业。a single room with bath带浴室的单人间，a twin—bedded room双人房间。
5. 【解析】D）人物关系题。本题为两个人的关系，侧重点是职业。抓住关键词 “literature course” （文学课程）
6. 【解析】B）人物关系题。女士首先自报家门： “Freedom Travel，” 这是一个重要的信息，接着问对方有什么事。男士说他想预订一张本月二十三号的机票，关键词是 “make a flight reservation，” 由此可知女士是旅行社职员。
7. 【解析】B）女士说现在的孩子玩耍的时间从以前的40%降低到了25%，尽管男士表达了不同的意见，但男士强调的是在玩耍时间减少的情况下，孩子们更多地是去从事体育锻炼了，这并没有直接推翻前面女士的讲法，所以当问到现在的孩子花费多少时间来玩耍的时候，仍然是女士所说的。25%是我们应该选择的正确答案。
8. 【解析】B）女士告诉男士所有的10人桌都被预定了，只剩下6人桌和15人桌了，男士认为15人桌太大，但是如果部门里的人全部到场的话，6人桌又缺两个位子，所以要回答这个男士的部门里有多少人，就应该是6+2=8为正确答案了。
Exercise 3
1. 【解析】D）人物关系题。判断对话双方关系，对话中女士问： “我的表修一下要花多长时间？” 男士回答说： “修好时我会打电话给你，但不会超过一星期。” 据此可推知女士是顾客，男士是修理工。
2. 【解析】C）人物关系题。从对话中出现的单词 “marks” ， “math exam” 等信息我们可以判断出这是一场同学之间的对话。
3. 【解析】B）男士感谢女士同意以每月800美金的价钱把房子租给自己，女士表示理解留学生遇到的困难，同时指出第一次交钱的时候要交三个月的房租和一个月的押金，所以第一次要交的总数就是800×3+800=3200。
4. 【解析】B）人物关系题。从男士的回答中可以推断出男士的职业是novelist。
5. 【解析】D）地点题。男士告诉女士，Peter已经从英国回来了，但他待了两天后又被派往德国，所以Peter现在在德国。
6. 【解析】B）地点题。对话中提到 “my seat” 和 “your ticket” ， “balcony” ，由此可推断这段对话是在电影院或剧院发生的。
7. 【解析】C）地点题。根据对话，知道女士想送花给她的朋友，男士接着回答说这些新鲜的玫瑰花非常漂亮，综合这些信息可以推知发生地点很可能是在花店。
8. 【解析】A）这是一道推理题。从对话可知，女士想去看电影，但是她不确定7：30老师是否会准时下课，因为老师通常拖堂。而男士和他室友7：40就要出发。所以答案是A）关键词句： “class ends at 7：30” ， “the professor never finishes on time” （老师从来不准时下课）
渐进测试听力文字稿
Exercise 1
1. M：Is this 4700248？I’ m trying to reach the foreign students’ living quarters.
W：I’ m sorry. You must have dialed the wrong number.
Q：Where does this conversation most probably take place？
2. M：Has my dictionary arrived yet？
W：Sorry，sir. We haven’ t received any special orders this week.
Q：Where is this conversation probably taking place？
3. M：I’ d like to open a savings account.
W：Sure. Have a seat，fill out this application form，and make a small deposit. Then，you’ ll be all set.
Q：Where is this conversation taking place？
4. W：This is Mrs. Anderson. My heater is not getting any power and the temperature is going to get down below zero. Could you come over and fix it？
M：Don’ t worry，Madam. I’ ll be there in a minute.
Q：What’ s the probable occupation of the man？
5. W：John，what are you doing on your computer？Don’ t you remember your promise？
M：This is not a game，it’ s only a cross—work puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.
Q：What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
6. W：How do you like your new job，Bill？
M：Fine. This week I have been reading the reports and studying the books. Next week I will probably start the accounts.
Q：What did the man do for a living？
7. W：I would like to know more about the pay of the position I applied for.
M：Your basic payment is $1000per month，besides this，you will have $400per month for transportation and communication. For the machines you successfully sold，you will get a commission of 2%of the agreed price，but this part will not exceed $1000.
Q：What is the maximum pay for this woman in this position？
8. M：Look at the traffic jam，it is impossible to drive a car in this city in rush hours.
W：One important reason is that only 20%of the population would choose the public transportation. And it is predicted that another 10%would join them if the fares for public transportation can be 40%less.
Q：How many people would choose public transportation when the price adjustment is done？
Exercise 2
1. M：Hello，Mary. This is John at the office. Is Tom feeling any better today？
W：Oh，yes，John. He’ s feeling much better now. But the doctor says he will have to stay in bed until Monday.
Q：Where is Tom now？
2. W：What kind of account do you want to open？
M：A current account，please.
Q：Where does this conversation most probably take place？
3. W：Fasten your seat belt，sir.
M：Of course，I didn’ t realize that we were going to land so soon.
Q：Where does this conversation most probably take place？
4. M：Do you have a single room with bath for tonight and tomorrow night？
W：Just a moment，sir. Well，we haven’ t any singles left，I’ m afraid. But we could let you have a twin—bedded room for the same price.
Q：What’ s the woman’ s job？
5. W：I’ m looking for a novel for my literature course. It’ s called Gone With the Wind. Do you have it？
M：Yes，we do. You’ ll find it in Section 8，on the top shelf.
Q：What’ s the woman speaker’ s occupation？
6. W：Freedom Travel. How may I help you？
M：Yes，I’ d like to make a flight reservation for the twenty third of this month.
Q：Who is the man most probably talking to？
7. W：The report says that the time spent on leisure activities were reduced from 40%to only 25%for children aged 3to 12. What do you think of that？
M：I don’ t think it gives us a clear picture. In fact，in the past 15years，time spent on sports for boys increased 50%，and a 35%increase for girls.
Q：How much time would today’ s 3to 12year old children spend on leisure activities？
8. W：All the tables for 10persons are already reserved by others. We still have tables for 6or 15. Will that do？
M：Well，a table for 15would be too big for us，and……the table for 6……if all the people in our department actually show up，we will need 2more seats.
Q：How many people are there in this man’ s department？
Exercise 3
1. W：How long will it take you to fix my watch？
M：I’ ll call you when it’ s ready，but it shouldn’ t take longer than a week.
Q：What is the probable relationship between the two speakers？
2. W：I heard you got full marks in the math exam. Congratulations！
M：Thanks，I am sure you also did a good job.
Q：What’ s the probable relationship between the two speakers？
3. M：We really appreciate it that you agree to rent us this house at the price of $800per month.
W：You are welcome. I can understand the difficulties international students are faced with. But you need to pay 3months’ rent each time，and for the first time，I will need another month’ s rent as deposit in case something happens. Is that OK with you？
Q：How much will this man have to pay altogether for the first time？
4. W：Robert worked as a secretary for three years. Then he became a newspaperman. After that he started writing.
M：I know. And he is writing a story.
Q：What is the man’ s occupation now？
5. W：Has Peter returned from England yet？
M：Yes，but he was only there for two days before his company sent him to Germany.
Q：Where is Peter now？
6. M：I believe that this is my seat. Here’ s my ticket if you want to check.
W：I’ m afraid that you're mistaken. I’ m in the correct seat. According to your ticket，you’ re in the balcony.
Q：Where is the conversation most probably taking place？
7. W：Excuse me，I’ d like to send some flowers to my friend.
M：Let’ s see. These fresh roses are very nice.
Q：Where does this conversation most probably take place？
8. M：My roommate and I are going to see a film tonight. And we are leaving at7：40. Do you want to join us？
W：Sure. But my class ends at 7：30. And the professor never finishes on time.
Q：What can we learn about the woman？