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第三节 真题操练

一、2013年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE                 [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) ______notbe possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) ______the workersin government offices who (33)______ our health, our food, our water, and all the otherthings that we cannot do for ourselves. (34)______taxation, we pay for things that weneed just (35)______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat.

But (36)______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people havedifferent ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged.

In most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______ , which is called income tax, (39)______.It is arranged in such (40)______that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentageof tax grows (41)______ as the taxpayer’s income grows. In some countries, forexample, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per cent!

(43)______ countries with taxation nearly (44)______have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or“duties.” Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)______ , there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)______ jewels andfur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______ , as the rich pay it.

31. A. can B. may C. could D. would

32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not

33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through

34. A. In accordance with B. By means ofC. With reference to D. On account of

35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as

36. A. if B. when C. though D. as

37. A. when B. how C. why D. which

38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes

39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens

40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method

41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger

42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up

43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And

44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always

45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom

46. A. manner B. form C. means D. way

47. A. either B. also C. too D. often

48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected

49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for

50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. better

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,关于税收。

第一部分(1):税收的作用。

第二部分(2):人们对于税收的看法不一。

第三部分(3~4):介绍不同种类的税收。

【答案详解】

31. D 情态动词与虚拟语气。 【解析】 “can”表客观可能性,允许; “may”表可能性,某事可能发生; “could”作为“ can”的过去时,表过去存在的可能性,在表虚拟时,译为“可能会”、“也许会”;“would”作为“ will”的过去时,表过去的习惯动作或状态,或者表过去时间的意志、意愿、决心、允诺,在表虚拟时,译为“就会”。此处的“ without it”提示了后文应使用虚拟语气,意为没有了税收,就不会有钱支付给那些保护我们的士兵和警察,故选 D。

32. A 副词用法辨析。 【解析】 “nor”常用于“ neither...nor...”或“ not...nor...”的结构中,表“也不”;“neither”:表两者或两类之一的否定。故选 A。

33. C 动词词组辨析。 【解析】 “look into”:窥视;调查;研究;查阅; “look over”:检查;巡视;忽略; “look after”:照顾;照料;关心;寻找; “look through”:浏览;温习;看穿。故选 C。

34. B 固定搭配辨析。 解析】 “in accordance with”:依照;与……一致; “by means of”:用;依靠;凭借; “with reference to”:关于;根据; “on account of”:由于;因为;为了……的缘故。故选 B。

35. D 固定搭配辨析。 【解析】 “as well as”:也;和……一样好; “as good as”:和……几乎一样;几乎等同于……; “as such as”:没有这样的结构;“as much as”:几乎,差不多,和……一样多。此处比较我们需要某些事物的程度和我们需要居住之地和需要食物的程度是一样的,故选 D。

36. C 逻辑关系判断。 【解析】上半句意为每个人都知道税收很有必要,下半句意为不同的人对于税收应被如何安排,持有不同的看法。显然上下句为转折关系,故选 C。

37. B 上下文判断。 【解析】第二段在文中起承上启下的作用。由后文可知,人们是对如何征税,税收应被如何安排,有不同的看法,故选 B。

38. A 上下文判断。 【解析】根据下文的“ income tax”可知,这里是说对个人直接进行征税,故选 A。

39. C 上下文判断。 【解析】根据上下文可知,本句意为大多数国家存在着对个人直接征税的情况,也就是个人所得税。故选 C。

40. B 名词词义辨析。 【解析】 “form”:形式;形状;样式; “way”:方式;方法;“measure”:手段;措施; “method”:方法;办法。文中表示税收征收的方式,故选 B。

41. D 形容词词义辨析。 【解析】本处句意为随着纳税人收入的增加,税收比例也有所加大,故选 D。

42. C 动词用法辨析。 【解析】 “grow up”:成长;长大; “increase (up) to”:增加到;“go up”:增长;上升;“lift up”:举起;升起;抬起来。故选 C。

43. A 逻辑关系判断。 【解析】根据上下文,前后两段分别在说直接征税和间接征税,构成转折对比关系。故选 A。

44. D 副词词义辨析。 【解析】 “periodically”:定期地;周期性地;偶尔;间歇。本句意为:会直接征税的国家几乎也总会有间接征税。故选 D。

45. B 定语从句。 【解析】此空考查定语从句关系代词的用法。先行词为“ the men and women”,且在从句中充当主语,故选 B。

46. B 名词词义辨析。 【解析】此空白处句意为:以支付更高价的形式。故选 B。

47. C 上下文判断。 【解析】此处在讲某些国家征税的其他方式,与上文是并列关系,且空前后都有逗号,可直接排除选项 B、D;选项 A“either”作副词时,用于否定句中;选项 C“too”作副词,前后可用逗号隔开,表示“也”。故选 C。

48. D 上下文判断。 解析】此处意思是:如果绝大多数必需品都被征税了,那会收集到很大一笔钱,故选 D。

49. B 介词词义辨析。 【解析】 “alike”:adj.相似的;相同的; adv.以同样的方式;类似于; “like”:adj.同样的;相似的; prep.像;如同; “as”:prep.如同;当作;以……的身份; adv.同样地;和……一样的; “for”:prep.为了;因为;给。此处属于举例子,表“像,比如”,故选 B。

50. B 上下文判断。 【解析】此处意思是:如果只有像珠宝和皮草大衣这样的非必需品被征税,那么征收到的钱更少,但这样的税收更公平,因为富人在为此买单。故选 B。

二、2012年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE                 [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disastersin living memory. It was a (31)______ underwater quake and occurred in the IndianOcean. It (32)______coastlines, communities and brought death to many people.

Why do earthquakes happen?

The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving (33) ______(although very slowly) and has done so for billions of years. This is one (34)______ofearthquakes, when one section of the earth (tectonic plate) (35)______ another.Scientists can predict where but not (36) ______ this might happen and the area betweenplates is called a fault line. On one fault line in Kobe, Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed. (37)______ , earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines, (38)______ is why they are so dangerous and (39)______

Where do volcanoes happen?

Volcanoes happen where the earth’s (40)______is thin: lava, dust and gases(41)______from beneath the earth.They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt, (42)______they can be so violent (43)______ they just explode directly from the earth with no warning. There are 1511 (44)______ “”volcanoes in the world. This means that they may (45)______ be dangerous. In 1985 the Colombian volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupted.The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud (46)______the town below. Twenty thousand people died.

Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable. We regularly do not know when they (47) ______ pen, or (48)______ where they will happen.In the future, scientists may be able to watch and predict (49) ______before they happen. This could (50)______ many lives.

31. A. massive B. significant C. great D. grand

32. A. changed B. converted C. destroyed D. transformed

33. A. frequently B. continuously C. regularly D. periodically

34. A. source B. reason C. movement D. cause

35. A. collides with B. confronts with C. meets with D. faces with

36. A. how B. why C. when D. what

37. A. Generally B. However C. Similarly D. Anyway

38. A. that B. it C. this D. which

39. A. unpredictable B. unaccountable C. inevitable D. irresistible

40. A. surface B. appearance C. crust D. cover

41. A. flowed out B. burst out C. leaked out D. trickled out

42. A. or B. and C. nor D. but

43. A. like B. for C. as D. that

44. A. living B. active C. alive D. live

45. A. relatively B. hardly C. still D. gradually

46. A. down B. on C. across D. beyond

47. A. are to B. should C. must D. might

48. A. else B. even C. though D. whether

49. A. accidents B. incidents C. occasions D. events

50. A. rescue B. save C. preserve D. shelter

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,主要介绍了两种自然灾害以及其特点。

第一部分(1):2004年发生的大地震造成了巨大损失。

第二部分(2~3):地震的成因。

第三部分(4~5):哪些地方会形成火山。

第四部分(6):自然灾害通常不可预测。

【答案详解】

31. A 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “massive”:(尺寸、数量、规模)巨大的,大量的;“significant”:重大的,有意义的; “grand”:宏伟的,豪华的。此处意思为水下大地震,地震的规模大,故选 A。

32. C动词词义辨析。【解析】 “change”:改变; “convert”:转换; “destroy”:毁坏; “transform”:变换;转化。此处意思为地震摧毁了海岸线和居民社区,故选 C。

33. B 副词词义辨析。【解析】 “frequently”:频繁地; “continuously”:连续不断地;“regularly”:定期地;有规律地; “periodically”:定期地;有周期性地。根据常识可知,地壳是在不断运动的,故选 B。

34. D 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “source”:来源;源头; “reason”:理由;动机;“movement”:运动; “cause”:(造成某事发生的)原因。这里句意是指地震形成的原因。故选 D。

35. A 动词词组辨析。【解析】 “collide with”:碰撞;冲突; “confront with”:使面临;“meet with”:相遇; “face with”:面对,面临。此处是指地壳板块相撞,故选 A。

36. C 上下文判断。【解析】根据上下文意思判断,可知此处句意为:科学家能够预测地震将要发生的地点,但不知道何时会发生,故选 C。

37. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “generally”:通常;普遍地; “similarly”:同样地;类似地; “anyway”:无论如何;总之。空白处前一句意为在神户的一条断裂带上发生过一次地震,死了 20万人;空白处后一句意为地震不总只发生在断裂带上。从而可知前后两句关系为转折,故选 B。

38. D 定语从句语法。【解析】非限定性定语从句只能用“ which”引导,故选 D。

39. A 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “unpredictable”:不可预知的; “unaccountable”:无责任的;不可理解的; “inevitable”:不可避免的; “irresistible”:不可抵抗的。根据空白处前的句子“ earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines”(地震不总只发生在断裂带上)可知,空白处句意为:地震为何如此危险且不可预知。故选 A。

40. C名词词义辨析。【解析】 “surface”:表面;表层; “appearance”:外貌;外观; “crust”:外壳;地壳; “cover”:封面;盖子。只有“ crust”专指地壳,故选 C。

41. B 动词词组辨析。【解析】 “flow out”:流出; “burst out”:突发;爆出; “leak out”:泄露;露出; “trickle out”:涓流出来。根据常识可知:岩浆、火山灰和气体是从地球内部喷发出来的,故选 B。

42. A逻辑关系判断。【解析】空白处前一句意为:他们可能上升形成一个巨大的山形圆锥体,然后喷发;后一句意为:他们可能非常猛烈,会毫无预警地直接从地下喷出。由此可知,前后两句在介绍火山喷发的两种情况,故选 A。

43. D固定结构搭配。【解析】 “so…that…”:如此……以致……。故选 D。

44. B 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “living”:活着的;逼真的;现存的; “active”:活跃的; “alive”:活泼的;有生气的; “live”:活的;生动的;现场直播的。 “active volcano”:活火山。故选 B。

45. C 副词词义辨析。【解析】 “relatively”:相对地;相当地; “hardly”:几乎不;“still”:仍然;更; “gradually”:逐渐地。前一句说世界上还存在着活火山。空白处句意为:这意味着他们仍然会很危险。故选 C。

46. A 上下文判断。【解析】此空白处句意为:火山岩浆融化了冰川,成吨的泥浆流入山下的城镇。由“ below”可知城镇是在山下的,故选 A。

47. D 上下文判断。【解析】此处意思是:通常我们不知道火山会何时喷发。这里是表推测,可能性,故选 D。

48. B 固定词组搭配。【解析】此处意思是:通常我们不知道火山会何时喷发;甚至也不知道他们会在何地喷发。“or even”为固定搭配,故选 B。

49. D 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “accident”:事故;意外; “incident”:事件;插曲;“occasion”:时机;机会;场合; “event”:事件;项目。此处句意为:在将来,科学家也许能观察、预测到事件的发生。火山喷发是大事件,不是意外或巧合,故选 D。

50. B 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “rescue”:拯救;救援; “save”:节省;解救;挽救;“preserve”:保存;保护;维护; “shelter”:躲避;掩护。 “save one’s life”:挽救生命。故选 B。

三、2011年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE                [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

“Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. It’s a girl.”

Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and (31)______ a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel (32)______when they receive the news,(33)______ others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. (34)______ there are some men who like children and may have had (35)______ experience with them, other do not particularly (36)______ children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time.(37)______ other couples, pregnancy wan an accident that both husband and wife have(38)______willingly or unwillingly.

Whatever the (39)______ to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to (40)______ of a father is a difficult task. (41)______ unfortunately, few attempts have been made to (42)______ fathers in this resocialization (43)______ . Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, (44)______ , recently has literature focused on the (45)______ of a father.

It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father’s role, although difficult, is not (46)______ as great as the transition the wife must (47)______ to the mother’s role. The mother’s role seems to require a complete (48)______in daily routine. (49)______ the father’s role is less demanding and (50)______.

31. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in

32. A. emotional B. sentimental C. bewildered D. proud

33. A. while B. when C. if D. as

34. A. When B. If C. Although D. Yet

35. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered

36. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for

37. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon

38. A. received B. taken C. accepted D. obtained

39. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality

40. A. what B. this C. one D. that

41. A. As a result B. For example C. Yet D. Also

42. A. educate B. cultivate C. inform D. convert

43. A. step B. process C. point D. time

44. A. / B. just C. quite D. only

45. A. role B. work C. career D. position

46. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost

47. A. take B. make C. carry D. accept

48. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception

49. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. However

50. A. current B. immediate C. present D. quick

PART III CLOZE

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,谈论父亲这个角色。

第一部分( 1~2):对不同的男人来说,“初为人父”的意义和他们对孩子降临的反应各不相同:或倍感自豪;或为今后要担负的责任而忧心忡忡;或富于经验;或毫无思想准备。

第二部分( 3~4):从丈夫到父亲的角色转换比从妻子到母亲的角色转换更容易,要求更少,也不需那么紧迫。

【答案详解】

31. B 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “bring down”:打倒;击落; “bring forth”:提出;引起;引发; “bring off”:救出;完成; “bring in”:介绍;引进。本句意为:男人们对父亲身份的理解和反应因人而异。只有“ bring forth”符合文意,故选 B。

32. D 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “emotional”:情绪的;情感的(一般做定语,修饰名词中心语,如: emotional crisis情感危机; emotional speech动人的演说);“sentimental”:感伤的;多愁善感的(一般做定语,如: a sentimental girl多愁善感的女孩, the sentimental opera令人伤感的话剧);“bewildered”:迷惑的;不知所措的;“proud”:自豪的。根据句意,这句话是“有些人感到自豪”,和下文里“忧心忡忡”形成语义对比,故选 D。

33. A 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “while”:当……的时候;虽然;然而(作连词,暗示前后文内容在语义上相反或形成对比);“when”:在那时; “if”:如果;假设;“as”:与……一样;像……一样;因为。根据上文句意“有些父亲在孩子出世时会非常自豪,而有些父亲则表现出担忧”可知,前后两句形成对比,故选 A。

34. C 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “Although”:虽然;尽管(通常置于句首,引导让步状语从句);“yet”:然而;但是(通常引出主句,如: “Although he is young, yet he is sophisticated.”〈他虽然很年轻,但非常老练。〉)本句意为:虽然有些父亲很喜欢孩子并在这方面富有经验,但也有些父亲不那么关心小孩,也不怎么陪他们。故选 C。

35. B 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “considerate”:考虑周到的; “considerable”:相当多的;数量可观的; “consider”:v.照顾;考虑;认为(现在分词为“ considering”;过去分词为“ considered”)。本句意为:虽然有些男士很喜欢孩子并在这方面富有经验。故选 B。

36. D 动词固定搭配。【解析】 “care about”:担心; “care of”:由……转交; “care for”:关怀;照顾。本句意为:有些父亲不那么关心小孩,也不怎么陪他们。故选 D。

37. A 介词词义辨析。【解析】 “for”:因为;为了;至于;对于……而言; “of”:关于;由……制成; “from”:来自;由于; “upon”:在……之上。根据上下文,此处意为:许多父母长久以来便计划、期待着孩子的降生,而对于另外一些夫妇而言,怀孕只是个意外,无论情愿与否,他们都得接受这个现实。因此,此处只有“ for”作“至于;对于……而言”的解释合乎语境,故选 A。

38. C 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “receive”:收到;接受;接待;接见(侧重客观行为本身);“take”:拿走;带走(强调动作);“accept”:接受;认可;同意;承认(侧重主观态度);“obtain”:获得;得到(强调结果)。本句意为:对于另外一些夫妇而言,怀孕只是个意外,无论情愿与否,他们都得接受这个现实。句子侧重父母对怀孕这一事实的态度,故选 C。

39. B 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “reply”:回答;答复(可以与介词 to搭配,是针对问题、提问的回答,口头或书面形式均可);“reaction”:反应;回应(可以与介词 to搭配,主要强调姿态、行为方面的反应);“readiness”:准备就绪;“reality”:现实。根据句义,此空白处指人们对于“怀孕,并即将为人父母”这件事表现出来的姿态、反响,故选 B。

40. D 代词词义辨析。【解析】 “what”常作为疑问代词引导定语从句; “this”指代下文提到的单数名词; “one”替代其他名词时,应独立使用,后面不能有“ of a father”这样的修饰语; “that”指代上文提到的单数名词。本句意为:由丈夫到父亲这一角色的转换并非易事。空白处指父亲的“角色”,由于上文已提到“角色”一词,所以这里指代前文提到的单数名词,即“ that of a father= the role of a father”,故选 D。

41. C 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “yet”:但是,然而(表转折);“as a result”:结果是;因此; “for example”:举例; “also”也(用于并列关系)。本句意为:然而,令人遗憾的是,很少有书籍提到如何帮助父亲顺利通过这一调整自我、适应新角色的过程。这里与前文的“ difficult”形成对比,逻辑关系应为转折,故选 C。

42. A 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “educate”:教育;训练;培养(侧重指知识的学习);“cultivate”:教养;改善;启发;耕作(侧重技能的培养、训练);“inform”:通知;告知;获悉; “convert”:改变;转换。本句意为:很少有书籍提到如何帮助父亲顺利度过这一调整自我、适应新角色的过程。可见,父亲们普遍缺乏这方面知识的学习,故选 A。

43. B 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “step”:步骤; “process”:过程; “point”:点; “time”:时间。父亲完成角色的转换是一个不断学习、总结和体验的过程,文中用 “resocialization”一词概括,暗示这不是一蹴而就的事情。文中并未提到这个过程涉及哪些步骤,因此此处“ step”不合题意。故选 B。

44. D 副词词义辨析。【解析】本句意为:有关母亲角色转换和适应的书籍不计其数,然而,对于父亲角色的探讨仅仅从最近才开始。本句谓语助动词“ has”提到了主语“ literature”之前,这是在句首为“ only”的情况下才会发生,故选 D。

45. A 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “role”:角色;作用; “work”:工作;劳动;操作;职业; “career”:事业;生涯; “position”:位置;职位;立场。本句意为:对于父亲角色的探讨仅仅是最近的事情。这里是词汇重复出现、也是主题词凸显的一种方式,全文围绕着“父亲角色”这一主题,并数次提到主题词“ role”。故选 A。

46. C 副词词义辨析。【解析】四个选项均是程度副词, “a little”:有一点儿;程度很小地; “just”:刚好;刚刚;只是; “nearly”:接近(可以用 not修饰,意为“远非”,“远不及”);“almost”:差一点……就……(可用于 no,none,nothing等前面,但是不能用 not修饰)。本句意为:有观点认为,父亲角色转换的过程,即使充满着困难和挑战,但是远不及妻子到母亲角色的转换那样重大。根据上下文,应该是“远不及”,故选 C。

47. B 动词词义辨析。【解析】本句意为:母亲要做出的角色转换。“转换”这个名词要求和动词“ make”搭配使用,其他三个词均不可以和“ transition”搭配使用,故选 B。

48. A名词词义辨析。【解析】 “transformation”:变化;转化;转换; “realization”:实现; “socialization”:社会化; “reception”:招待;接收。本句意为:母亲角色的转换要求其完全改变日常生活内容。此句中强调婴儿出生给家庭成员角色带来的“转变或变化”。故选A。

49. D 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “in addition”:而且;并且(表递进关系);“above all”:最重要;首先; “generally”:一般而言; “however”:然而;可是。本句意为:相比之下,婴儿出生对于父亲角色转换的要求则不及对母亲那样苛刻,而且也不需要那么紧迫。“less”指出两者对比形成的差距,可知此处逻辑关系为转折,故选 D。

50. B 形容词语义题。【解析】 “current”:当前的;流通的;现在的; “present”:现在的;当面的;出席的; “immediate”:立即的;直接的; “quick”:迅速;敏捷的(侧重动作的持续时间短)。本句意为:相比之下,婴儿出生对于父亲角色的要求则不及对母亲那样苛刻,而且也不需要那么紧迫。“苛刻”和“紧迫”都是用来描述婴儿出生给家庭成员角色转变提出的要求,符合文意,故选B。

四、2010年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE             [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31)______ , the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (32)______ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (33) ______ they could communicate with each other, and that later they agreed (34)______ certain signs, called letters, which could be (35)______ to represent those sounds, and which could be (36)______ . Those sounds, whether spoken, (37) ______ written in letters, we call words.

The power of words, then lies in their (38) ______ — the things they bring up before our minds. Words become (39)______ with meaning for us by experience; (40) ______ the longer we live, the more certain words (41)______ to us the happy and sad events of our past; and the more we (42)______ the more the number of words that mean something to us (43) ______ .

Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)______ to our minds and emotions. This (45)______ and telling use of words is what we call (46)______ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)______ He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which(48) ______ their position and association can (49)______ men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will(50)______ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.

31. A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary

32. A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements

33. A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that

34. A. in B. with C. of D. upon

35. A. spelt B. combined C. written D. copied

36. A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed

37. A. and B. yet C. also D. or

38. A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links

39. A. filled B. full C. live D. active

40. A. but B. or C. yet D. and

41. A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect

42. A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite

43. A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges

44. A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully

45. A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common

46. A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic

47. A. signs B. words C. style D. sound

48. A. in B. on C. over D. by

49. A. move B. engage C. make D. force

50. A. transform B. change C. make D. convert

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,从形成、作用和使用三个方面来谈论语言。

第一部分( 1):人类语言的起源仍是一个谜,我们现在只能知晓语言的大致形成过程。

第二部分( 2):语言可以引发我们的联想,并且会随着人的阅历的增长而丰富起来。

第三部分( 3):不同的人会有不同的运用词语的方式,因此我们在选词用字上要小心而准确,否则我们的谈吐或行文就会空洞无缺、粗俗不堪。

【答案详解】

31. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “in addition”:此外; “in other words”:换句话说,也就是说; “in a word”:总之; “in summary”:概括说来。空白处前一句意为“我们尚不清楚人类最初是怎么学习创造语言的”,后一句意为“语言的起源是个谜”。很明显,后一句是对前一句的同义解释,是在换句话说,故选 B。

32. A 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “sound”:声音; “gesture”:姿势; “sign”:符号;“movement”:动作。根据空白处的后几句“ …to represent those sounds…Those sounds, whether spoken…”(来代表那些声音……那些声音,不管是否通过口头表达出来……)可知, “those sounds”就是指本题的内容,故选 A。

33. C 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “so that”:为了(引导目的状语从句);“such that”:如此……以致(引导结果状语从句);“in that”:因为,由于(引导原因状语从句)。根据逻辑关系可知,交流( communication)是发出声音的“目的”,故选 C。

34. D 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “agree upon/on”:在……上达成共识,对……意见一致; “agree with sb.”:同意某人; “agree to do sth.”:同意做某事; “agree in”:在某一方面同意。这里句意是指人们统一了某些特定的符号,故选 D。

35. B 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “combined”:组合在一起的; “spelt”:被拼写出的; “written”:书面的;被书写出的; “copied”:被复制出的。这里文章想表达的意思是:字母能被组合起来代表各种声音。故选 B。

36. A 上下文判断。【解析】 “written down”:被写下来; “handed down”:被传下来;“remembered”:被记住; “observed”:被观察。根据句意和常识可知,文字即可代表声音,又能被记录下来,且又由后文 “Those sounds…written in letters”中的“written”可确定本空白处应填“ written down”,故选 A。

37. D 固定结构搭配。【解析】 “whether…or…”:无论……还是……,故选 D。

38. B 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “association”:联想,联系; “function”:功能;“role”:角色; “link”:联系,关联。根据空白处破折号后的句子“ the things they bring up before our minds.”(它们能使我们想到的事物。)可知,空白处的单词应该是“联想”的意思,故选 B。

39. A 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “be filled with”:充满; “full”:充满( + of,即 be full of);“live”:现场的;“active”:积极的;活泼的。根据上下文可推测,本句意为:随着我们经历的丰富,词语变得充满含义。故选 A。

40. D 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “but”表示转折关系; “or”表示选择关系; “yet”表示转折关系; “and”表示顺承关系。该题空白处的分号表明前后两句所要传达的意思是符合一致的。前一句意为“词语随着我们经历的丰富而变得充满含义”,后一句意为“我们年龄越大,就有越多的词语唤起我们对快乐和悲伤往事的回忆”,由于这两句是顺承关系,故选 D。

41. B 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “reappear”:再次出现,再次发生; “recall”:回忆起,回想起(主语可以是人也可以是物);“remember”:记住,记起(主语一般为人);“recollect”:忆起(主语一般为人)。根据文中的“ the happy and sad events of our past”(我们过去的快乐和伤悲)可知,空白处的词应为“回忆”之意,而且其主语是“ certain words”,故选 B。

42. C 上下文判断。【解析】本段的主旨是“越来越丰富的人生经历会增加词语的意义”。通过观察四个选项,可以发现都有“ read”,因为阅读是丰富人生经历的一种方式。根据常识,比较“ think”(思考)、“recall”(回忆)、“learn”(学习)、“recite”(背诵)四种方式可知,光靠思考、回忆,词语的意思是不会增加的,“背诵”这种途径比较狭窄,而“学习”可被视为丰富人生经历的另一种方式,且“ read and learn”也是常用固定搭配,故选 C。

43. B动词词义辨析。【解析】 “raise”:升起,提高; “increase”:增加; “improve”:提高,改善; “emerge”:出现,浮现。根据上下文的“ the more…the more…”(越……越……)的结构可知,空白处的词语应该表达“增加”的意思,故选 B。

44. D 副词词义辨析。【解析】 “intensively”:集中地,彻底地; “extensively”:广泛地; “broadly”:一般地,大体地; “powerfully”:强大地,很有效地。空白处所在句子要表达的意思为:伟大的作家不仅有着伟大的思想,同时也能将这些思想用语言表达出来,引起我们思想和情感上的强烈共鸣。故选 D。

45. A 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “charming”:富有魅力的; “academic”:学术的; “conventional”:传统的,惯例的; “common”:普通的。根据“ this…use”可知,空白处的词语应与 telling(有说服力的)一样是用来形容上文提到的伟人的话。只有“ charming”合适,故选 A。

46. C 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “style”:风格; “literary style”:文风,文体。若选项 A、B与“ style”搭配,应为“ style of writing”(写作风格)和“ style of speaking”(说话风格);“dramatic”(戏剧性的)、“dramatic style”(戏剧风格)与文章内容偏离,故选 C。

47. B 上下文判断。【解析】无论从全文还是从本段主旨来看,都是围绕词语(words)的运用展开的。本句意为:真正的诗人应该是运用词语的大师。故选 B。

48. D 介词词义辨析。【解析】 “by”:通过……的方式,借由; “in”:在……里;由于; “on”:在……上;关于; “over”:在……上空;就……来说。本句意为:词语令人感动是通过其使用的位置和引起的联想而实现的。故选 D。

49. A 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “move sb. to tears”:使某人感动得流泪,故选 A。

50. C 固定结构搭配。【解析】 “make +宾语 + adj.”:使得……怎么样。其他三个动词均没有这种用法。 “transform”:改变,使改观; “change”:改变,固定用法为“ change sth. into”;“convert”:使转化,使皈依。故选 C。

五、2009年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE             [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS—Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—was(31)______ for the first time in February 2003 in Hanoi, (32)______ since then hasinfected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this (33)______ , thereare more questions than answers surrounding the disease.

Symptoms start (34) ______ a fever over 100.4 degrees F, chills, headache or body(35)______ . Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might (36)______ to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cases, patients require (37) ______ ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the disease. Symptoms (38)______ begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it (39)______ take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to (40)______ a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence (41) ______ antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help,(42)______ doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of (43) ______ Scientists aren’t sure yet, but some researchers think it’s a(44) ______ discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.

Most cases appear to have been passed (45)______ droplets expelled when infectedpatients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers whocare (46)______ them have been most likely to (47) ______ the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the (48)______ might spread through air, or that the virus might (49)______ for two to three hours on doorknobs or other (50)______ .Health experts say it is unlikely, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected personwould be enough to pass the virus.

31. A. detected B. caught C. disclosed D. revealed

32. A. but B. and C. or D. yet

33. A. time B. point C. aspect D. instance

34. A. from B. over C. upon D. with

35. A. hurt B. sore C. aches D. feelings

36. A. process B. advance C. progress D. convert

37. A. automatic B. artificial C. mechanical D. controlled

38. A. regularly B. ordinarily C. traditionally D. generally

39. A. will B. might C. should D. must

40. A. cultivating B. fostering C. developing D. designing

41. A. which B. that C. whether D. what

42. A. so B. but C. still D. yet

43. A. communication B. transportation C. transformation D. transmission

44. A. lately B. newborn C. newly D. renewed

45. A. under B. through C. beneath D. from

46. A. for B. over C. after D. about

47. A. acquire B. receive C. obtain D. contract

48. A. ailment B. ill-health C. disease D. infection

49. A. continue B. linger C. delay D. persist

50. A. exteriors B. outside C. surfaces D. coverings

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,主要介绍了非典病毒的症状和传播情况。第一部分(1):整体介绍非典病毒的发现、感染和研究现状。第二部分(2):感染非典病毒后的症状。第三部分(3):非典病毒的传播途径。

【答案详解】

31. A 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “detect”:发现;察觉(可表示通过某种手段发现或觉察到某物);“catch”:捕捉到;领会( “catch a cold”:患了感冒);“disclose”:揭露;说出; “reveal”:揭露;泄漏(指把原来鲜为人知的事公诸于众)。这里是说检查发现出第一例非典病例,故选 A。

32. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】空白处前一句介绍了第一例非典在何时何地被发 现,后一句说明了非典蔓延的情况,两句间是并列顺承的关系,故选 B。

33. B 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “at this point”:到这个时候;在这时(表示事情发展到某个特殊时间或阶段);“at this time”:这时(使用时需要有明确的具体时间指向);“aspect”:方面;层面(通常与“ from”搭配,构成“ from this aspect”:从这个层面上);“instance”:例子;实例(通常与“ for”搭配,构成“ for instance”:例如)。故选 B。

34. D 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “start with”:以……开始( “with”表示伴随,表示事情发展之初的某种状态);“start from”:从(某处或某水平)开始(只表示动作的一个起始点,不表状态);“over”不可与“ start”搭配使用; “start upon/on”:开始做某事(其后一般接名词,如“ start on your homework”:开始写作业)。此句意为:起初的症状是华氏 100.4°以上的高烧、感冒、头痛或全身疼痛。故选 D。

35. C 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “hurt”:伤害(一般用来指精神上的痛苦或创伤);“sore”:(身体上的)伤口,感染等造成的红肿,化脓等引起的疼痛; “ache”:(单纯身体上的)疼痛; “feelings”:感情;情绪。 “body aches”(固定搭配):身体(多处)疼痛。故选 C。

36. C 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “process”:处理,加工; “advance”:提高;提升;提前(一般表示在价值、级别、价格或重要性上的提高,以及在时间上的提前,如“advance the cause of democracy”:推进民主事业);“progress”:继续进行;继续发展(可表示在时间或地理位置上的行进,也可表示在复杂程度、范围或严重程度上的进步发展,如“ the rapid progression of disease”:病情的迅速发展);“convert”:转变;皈依(指事物形式或功能上的改变、度量衡的转换以及人的思想的转变,如“convert a criminal”:改造罪犯)。原文想要表达的意思是病情的发展恶化,故选 C。

37. C 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “automatic”:自动的;不假思索的;无意识的;“artificial”:人造的;虚假的,矫揉造作的; “mechanical”:机械的,力学的;呆板的;“mechanical ventilation”:呼吸机(医学用语,是一种帮助病人呼吸的医学器械);“controlled”:受约束的,克制的。由上下文可知,病人出现呼吸困难,需要辅助呼吸的器械,故选 C。

38. D 副词词义辨析。【解析】 “regularly”:有规律地;定期地(表示规律性);“ordinarily”:平常地;普通地; “traditionally”:按传统来说;惯例地; “generally”:通常地;大体上(表示事物发生的普遍性)。根据文中“ but”一词,可知前后两句是转折关系,表达相反的意思,后一句说有些人的症状可能长达 10天才会出现,说明了一种特殊的状况,那么前一句必然表示“通常地,一般地”,故选 D。

39. B 情态动词辨析。【解析】 “will”:将;愿意(表示将要进行的动作或一种意愿);“might”:可能(表示一种较小的可能性);“should”:应该;得(可用于虚拟语气);“must”:必须(表示一种较强烈的语气)。根据上下文可知,前一句说症状通常的潜伏期为 2到 7天,后一句说也有长达 10天的,是一种特殊情况,应该表示一种较小的可能性;此外,本句中“ suggest”意为“显示,表明”,而不是“建议”,所以从句中不可用虚拟语气。故选 B。

40. C 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “cultivate”:培育;教育(通常指培育农作物或通过教育或训练提高素质等);“foster”:促进;培养(指养育后代或指想法的形成);“develop”:发展;开发;研制(表示着手开发或研制某种东西或开发某个项目,也可指产生新想法,设计新产品);“design”:设计;计划;设想。文中此处的句意为:科学家们快要开发出一个实验室测试的方法来诊断非典。故选 C。

41. B 同位语从句。【解析】 “There is no evidence that…(= There is no proof that…)”为常用表达, “that”引导“ evidence”的同位语从句,意为“没有证据来证明……”,故选 B。

42. A 逻辑关系判断。【解析】空白处前一句中提到还没有证据能证明抗生素和抗病毒药物能有所帮助,下一句说医生只能提供支持性治疗。很明显这两句间是因果关系,故选 A。

43. D 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “communication”:交流,传达(一般用于人际交往和通讯联络);“transportation”:交通运输;运送; “transformation”:改变,改观(可表示观点、方式或性质的彻底变革);“transmission”:传播;传染;传达(表示人际间或地域间事物的传递、疾病的传播,也可表示电子信号、广播等的播送)。此句意为:隔离感染 SARS的病人是为了减小病毒传播的可能性。故选 D。

44. C 近义词辨析。【解析】 “lately”:adv.近来,不久前(一般用于现在完成时);“newborn”:adj.新生儿的;新生的; “newly”:adv.最近地,最新地; “renewed”: adj.更新的;复兴的。本句意为:科学家们还不能确定,但一些研究人员认为 SARS是一种新发现的冠状病毒。故选 C。

45. B 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “pass under/beneath”:从……底下经过,如 Water passes beneath/under the bridge.(水从桥下流过);“pass through”:经过;路过;通过(某种方式);“pass from…to…”:从……转变为……,如 pass from a solid state to a liquid state(从固态变成液态)。本句意为:大多数病例是通过非典患者咳嗽或喷嚏产生的飞沫而被感染的。故选 B。

46. A 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “care for”:照顾,看护,照看; “care about”:关心,在意;介词“ over”和“ after”均不可与“ care”构成固定词组。此空白处意为照料患者的医护人员。故选 A。

47. D 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “acquire”:(通过努力、能力、行为表现)获得,得到,如“ acquire knowledge”(获得知识);“receive”:收到;遭到; “obtain”:(经过努力)获得,赢得,如“ obtain achievement”(取得成就);“contract”:订阅;使缩短;感染(疾病),如“ contract AIDS/virus/a disease”(感染艾滋病 /病毒 /疾病)。故选 D。

48. C 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “ailment”:微恙;小病; “ill-health”:不健康;“disease”:(泛指)疾病; “infection”:感染;传染病。由于前文一直都只在讨论非典这种疾病的传播,所以此处指代的就是非典这种传染病,故选 C。

49. B 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “continue”:继续; “linger”:逗留,继续存留;“delay”:延迟;耽搁; “persist”:坚持,持续。本句意为:这种病毒很可能在门把手上存活两到三个小时。故选 B。

50. C 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “exterior”:(建筑物的)外观,外部;(人的)外貌; “outside”:外部;周围;外缘; “surface”:表面(指任何物体的表面或最外面一层);“covering”:覆盖物;材料。根据“ or”和“ other”可推断出空白处的词应与“doorknobs”在意思上构成并列关系,表示“在门把手或其他物体表面”。故选 C。

六、2008年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE             [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.

Salt may seem rather a strange (31)______ to use as money, (32)______ in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33) ______ necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34)______ , were used as money in some countries untilrecent (35)______ , and cakes of salt (36)______ buy goods in Borneo and parts ofAfrica.Sea shells (37)______ as money at some time (38) ______ another over the greaterpart of the Old World. These were (39) ______ mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were tradedright across the (40)______ from East to West.

Metal, valued by weight, (41) ______ coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries (42______ ) paper money. It can either be exchanged (43)______ goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)______ ______ in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called“cash”. The (45)______of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old—older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.

Nowadays, coins and notes have (46)______ nearly all the more picturesque (47)______ of money, and (48)______ ceremonial (49)______ such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50______ ) money will soon be found only in museums.

31. A. object B. article C. substance D. category

32. A. but B. and C. so D. even

33. A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute

34. A. weight B. value C. role D. size

35. A. times B. events C. situations D. conditions

36. A. even B. also C. still D. never

37. A. had been used B. are used C. would be used D. would have been used

38. A. and B. but C. yet D. or

39. A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised

40. A. city B. district C. community D. continent

41. A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded

42. A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with

43. A. against B. as C. in D. for

44. A. often B. seldom C. really D. much

45. A. earlier B. earliest C. better D. best

46. A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered

47. A. sizes B. shapes C. format D. forms

48. A. while B. although C. because D. if

49. A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assembles

50. A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crude

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,主要介绍了盐、贝壳和金属充当货币的情况。第一部分( 1~4):在世界上的一些偏远地区,盐、贝壳和金属仍然被当做钱来使用。第二部分( 5):如今,硬币和纸币还是取代了这些原始货币。很快就只能在博物馆中才能看到它们了。

【答案详解】

31. C名词词义辨析。【解析】 “object”:物体,实物(强调具体的、看得见摸得着的东西,有固定的形状);“article”:一件具体的物品或物件,如“ articles of clothing”(衣物);“substance”:物体,物质(指特定种类的物质、材料);“category”:种类;范畴。此处是指“盐这种材料被当做货币使用似乎相当奇怪”。故选 C。

32. A 逻辑关系判断。【解析】本题空格前一句意为“盐这种材料被当做货币使用似乎相当奇怪”,空格后一句意为“在一些人们以蔬菜为主要食物的国家,盐是一种绝对的必需品”。既然是“必需品”,说明食盐具有价值,充当货币不足为奇,这一点与上文形成对比。“but”表示转折关系,符合题意,故选 A。

33. D 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “abstract”:抽象的;“advantageous”:有利的,有益的; “abundant”:丰富的,大量的; “absolute”:完全的,(在范围、程度上)绝对的。此处只有“ absolute”能够在程度上说明盐作为一种必需品的不可或缺性,故选 D。

34. B 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “weight”:重量; “value”:价值; “role”:作用,角色; “size”:尺寸,大小。根据常识,盐能被用作货币是因为其具有价值。而盐饼的大小不同也显示了它们的不同价值。所以盐饼被打上烙印是为了显示其价值的,故选 B。

35. A 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “until recent times”:直到近代。此处句意:直到近代还有国家把盐饼当做钱来使用。故选 A。

36. C 逻辑关系判断。【解析】本题需结合上文来进行推断。空白处所在句子与前一句以“ and”连接,前一句说“直到近代还有国家把盐饼当做钱来使用”,由此可以推断,作者在这里想表达的意思是“盐饼在婆罗洲和非洲部分地区仍可以用来买东西”。故选 C。

37. A 动词时态判断。【解析】 “had been used”表示过去完成; “are used”表示一般现在; “would be used”和“ would have been used”均含有“过去将来”意味。此处句意:海里的贝壳在东半球大部分地区的某个时间或另一个时间被当做钱来使用。很明显,这是在讲过去的事,并且状态是已完成,故选 A。

38. D 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “at some time or another”:曾经,一度。故选 D。

39. A 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “collect”:收集,如“ collect sea shells”(收集贝壳,捡贝壳);“produce”:生产,制造; “grow”:种植,栽培; “raise”:饲养;养育。此处句意:这些贝壳主要来自于印度洋马尔代夫群岛的沙滩上。根据常识,贝壳肯定是在沙滩上捡来的,故选 A。

40. D 上下文推断。【解析】 “city”:城市; “district”:街区; “community”:社区; “continent”:大陆;洲。本句意为:在非洲,东西部之间直接用贝壳进行交易。根据地理常识,非洲是一个大洲,故选 D。

41. C 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “process”:加工,处理; “produce”:生产,制造;“precede”:在……之前,先于; “proceed”:进行,继续下去。此句意为:以重量来衡量价值的金属在世界许多地方被使用的时间早于硬币。故选 C。

42. B 介词词组辨析。【解析】 “in spite of”:尽管; “along with”:沿着;随同一起; “in line with”:与……相符合; “instead of”:代替,而不是。根据句中的“ still”一词可理解此句大意为:铁作为货币在许多国家中还在继续使用,并没有被纸币取代。故选 B。

43. D固定词组搭配。【解析】 “exchange sth. for sth.”:以……交换……。故选 D。

44. A 上下文推断。【解析】本句意为:中国早期的钱除了贝壳就是铜,铜通常被做成是中间有一个孔的平的圆片,被称为“现金”。故选 A。

45. B上下文推断。【解析】空白处后面的句子使用了比较级“ older than the earliest coins”,这要求比较的前后两项必须形成平行结构,相互对应。既然后面用了“ the earliest coins”这一最高级形式,那么前面也只能用最高级形式。本句意为:这些最早的钱出现在 3 000年到 4 000年前,早于东地中海最早的钱币。故选 B。

46. A 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “replace”:代替,取代; “reproduce”:再生产;“reflect”:反射,反映; “recover”康复,复原。结合后文“不久以后只有在博物馆里才能看到原始货币的影子”,可以推断本句意为:如今,硬币和纸币已经取代了其他特别形式的货币。故选 A。

47. D 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “size”:大小,尺寸; “shape”:(物体的)形状,形态; “format”:版式,格式; “form”:形式;(某物存在、运作、显现的)方式,如 forms of money(货币形式)。本句意为:硬币和纸币已经取代了其他特别形式的货币。故选 D。

48. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】空白处直到段末,中间一个逗号分隔了两个完整的句子,说明这两句间构成了一个完整的主从句。前半部分句意为:在一两个更加偏远的国家,人们仍保留着那些古老的货币,以用于一些如婚礼和葬礼之类的场合,后半部分句意为:不久以后只有在博物馆里才能看到原始货币的影子了。由逻辑关系可知,主句与从句间应该是让步关系,故选 B。

49. C 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “event”:大事,事件; “gathering”:聚集,集会; “occasion”:机会;场合; “assembly”:集会,集合。 “on…occasion”:在……场合; “on ceremonial occasions”:在正式场合,在仪式场合。故选 C。

50. B 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “original”:最初的,独创的; “primitive”:原始的,远古的;早期的; “historical”:历史的,史学的; “crude”:天然的,未经加工的。这里作者想表达“原始货币”之意,故选 B。

七、2007年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE               [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

Until I took Dr Offutt’s class in DeMatha High School, I was an underachieving student,but I left that class (31) ______ never to underachieve again. He not only taught me to think,he convinced me, (32)______ by example as words that it was my moral (33)______to doso and to serve others.

(34) ______ of us could know how our relationship would (35)______ over the years. When I came back to DeMatha to teach English, I worked for Dr Offutt, the department chair. My discussions with him were like graduate seminars in adolescent(36)______ , classroom management and school leadership.

After several years, I was (37)______ department chair, and our relationship(38) ______ again. I thought that it might be (39)______ chairing the department, since all of my (40)______ English teachers were (41) ______ there, but Dr Offutt supported me (42)______ . He knew when to give me advice (43)______ curriculum, texts and personnel, and when to let me (44)______ my own course.

In 1997, I needed his (45) ______ about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school. (46) ______ he had asked me to stay DeMatha, I might have.(47) ______ , he encouraged me to seize the opportunity.

Five years ago. I became the principal of DeMatha. (48)______ , Dr Offutt was there for me, letting me know that I could (49)______ him. I’ve learned from him that great teachers have an inexhaustible (50) ______ of lessons to teach.

31. A. concerned B. worried C. determined D. decided

32. A. as much B. much as C. as such D. such as

33. A. work B. job C. duty D. obligation

34. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Each

35. A. evolve B. stay C. remain D. turn

36. A. process B. procedure C. development D. movement

37. A. called B. named C. asked D. invited

38. A. moved B. altered C. went D. shifted

39. A. awkward B. uneasy C. unnatural D. insensitive

40. A. older B. experienced C. former D. /

41. A. / B. still C. even D. already

42. A. through B. throughout C. at the beginning D. all the way

43. A. for B. at C. over D. about

44. A. chart B. head C. describe D. manage

45. A. opinion B. request C. permission D. order

46. A. Even if B. Although C. If D. When

47. A.Naturally B. Instead C. Consequently D. Still

48. A. Once again B. Repeatedly C. Unusually D. Unexpectedly

49. A. count in B. count down C. count out D. count on

50. A. stock B. bank C. wealth D. store

【文章大意】

本篇为记叙文,属于文学类题材,讲述了一位优秀教师 Offutt博士给作者一生带来的重要影响。第一部分( 1~2):不论在“我”是 Offutt博士的学生时,还是后来当他的同事时,他都教给了我很多东西。

第二部分(3):在我出任系主任时,Offutt博士给了我很多鼓励。

第三部分( 4~5):当我做了校长以后, Offutt博士还是一如既往地帮助和支持“我”。

【答案详解】

31. C形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “concerned”:关心的;忧虑的;有关的;“worried”:担心的; “determined”:坚决的,下定决心的; “decided”:确定的,坚决的,明白无误的(做形容词时,只能放在名词前面,如“ a decided success”(明显的成功)。根据句中的转折逻辑连词“but”一词可知,本句意为:在 DeMatha高中上 Offutt博士的课之前,我一直都是一个后进生,但是当我离开那个班级的时候,我决定再也不做一个差生了。故选 C。

32. A 固定词组辨析。【解析】“as much as”:和……一样多;“much as”:虽然,尽管(一般引导让步状语从句,例如“Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her in thoroughness.”(虽然我见多识广,但还没见过像她这般心细的人。));“as such”:照这样,就这点而论;“such as”:例如,诸如。本句意为:给我讲的道理和他做出的榜样事例一样多,即他用言传身教的方法来使我信服。故选 A。

33. D 名词词义辨析。【解析】“duty”:责任,义务(范围较广,侧重因为工作或者因为你认为是对的而去做,是客观要求);“obligation”:义务,职责(侧重强调一种主观意愿,特指法律或道德上的责任)。本句意为:积极进取,为他人服务是我道德上的责任和义务。故选 D。

34. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】“both”:两个都……(用于肯定句);“neither”:两个都不……;“either”:两者之一;“each”:每一个都……(用于三者或者三个人以上的情况)。根据上下文逻辑推断,可知本句意为:我们两个人都不知道在未来的岁月中我们的关系会如何发展。故选 B。

35. A动词词义辨析。【解析】“evolve”:发展,演变(一般用于随时间而产生的变化);“turn”:转变;成为(指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同,强调变化的结果)。根据上下文可知,作者与老师的关系在后来不断地发展变化,故选 A。

36. C名词词义辨析。【解析】“process”:(自然发展的)过程,变化;“procedure”:程序,步骤;“development”:发展;“movement”:运动,活动。本句意为:我和他之间讨论就像是研究生的研讨会,讨论青少年的发展、课堂的管理和学校的领导。故选 C。

37. B 动词词义辨析。【解析】“call”:呼叫,称呼,命名;“name”:任命,命名,提名;“ask”:要求(后可以接双宾语结构);“invite”:邀请(不可用于双宾语结构)。本句意为:几年以后,我被任命为系主任。“name sb. sth.”:提名某人担任某职务。故选 B。

38. D 动词词义辨析。【解析】“move”:移动;搬动(一般是指时间、位置的改变);“alter”:改变;更改(一般是指较为细微的变化,强调不改变事物本来面貌或本质);“go”:变得……(一般接形容词表示性质上发生的变化);“shift”:转换(改变位置、方向或形式);(在情形、意见、职务上突然或重要的)转变。根据上下文可知,这里是指他们之间的关系又一次发生了转变。故选 D。

39. A 形容词词义辨析。【解析】“awkward”:棘手的;不合适的;“uneasy”:不安的(主语应为人);“unnatural”:不自然的,反常的;“insensitive”:不敏感的,反应迟钝的。本句意为:由于我以前的英语老师都还在那里,所以我觉得我主持这个系的工作可能会不好开展。故选 A。

40. C 形容词词义辨析。【解析】“older”:年长的;“experienced”:有经验的; “former”:以前的,过去的。根据上下文可知,这里指的是“以前的”老师。故选 C。

41. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】“still”:仍然(表示还在进行的事);“even”:甚至(表示加强语气);“already”:已经(表示已经存在的某种状态)。根据原文逻辑可知,此句意为:我以前的老师仍然在那里工作。故选 B。

42. B 副词词义辨析。【解析】“through”:prep.通过;穿过;从头到尾(只能用在名词前面,如:“stayed up through the night”(熬了一整夜)/ adv.彻底;从头到尾(如:“I read the article once through.”(我把文章从头到尾看了一遍。));“throughout”:自始至终;全部;“at the beginning”:开始时;“all the way”:全程,一路(通常用于强调路途遥远)。本句意为:Offutt博士从始至终一直支持我。故选 B。

43. D 固定词组搭配。【解析】“advice”一般和介词“on”或者“about”搭配,意为“关于……的建议”。故选 D。

44. A固定词组搭配。【解析】“chart”:详细计划;“head”:领导,负责;“manage”:设法做到。“chart a/ one’s course”:(对未来的发展)详细制订计划。“let me chart my own course”和前面的“give me advice about curriculum”相对应,表明 Offutt博士对主人公的支持张弛有度,十分得体。故选 A。

45. A 名词词义辨析。【解析】“opinion”:意见;主张;“request”:请求,要求;“permission”:允许,许可;“order”:命令。根据上下文可知,作者和 Offutt博士在那个时候是同事和朋友的关系,遇到大事应该是找 Offutt博士征求意见。本句意为:1997年,关于是否离开 DeMatha到另一所高中任校长之事,我需要听听他的意见。故选 A。

46. C 逻辑关系判断。【解析】本题从句谓语为“had done”,主句谓语为“mighthave (done)”,这是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的使用标志。逻辑连词应用 “if”,故选 C。

47. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】“naturally”:自然地;“instead”:相反地(表示一种转折关系);“consequently”:因此;结果;“still”:仍然。空白处前一句提到 Offutt博士本可以叫我留下;后一句说的是他鼓励我离开去抓住这一机会。假设与现实是两种截然相反的情况,因此这里是一种转折的关系,故选 B。

48. A 逻辑关系判断。【解析】“once again”:再一次,又一次;“repeatedly”:重复地(表示一件事或一个动作的反复发生);“unusually”:非常;显著地;异乎寻常地;“unexpectedly”:出乎意料地。根据上下文,这里提到的是作者第二次回母校任职,所以 Offutt博士应该是“再一次;一如既往地”帮助支持他,故选 A。

49. D 动词词组辨析。【解析】“count in”:把……计算在内;“count down”:(重要事件发生前的)倒计时;“count out”:数出;不把……计算在内;“count on/ upon”:依靠,指望。本句意为:让我知道我可以依靠指望他。故选 D。

50. C 固定词组搭配。【解析】“a stock of”=“a store of”:表示储存大量事物以备用;“bank”:银行;储存所,库;“a wealth of”:大量的(通常指有用的、好的东西,强调所有物正面积极的性质,如:“a wealth of knowledge/ experience/ resources”(丰富的知识 /经验 /资源)。本句意为:从他身上我了解到,一个优秀的老师有用不完的经验来教导学生。故选 C。

八、2006年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE                 [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

There are many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most (31)______ held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder even if it means (32) ______ the pavement into a busy street!

(33)______ you must pass under a ladder you can (34)______ bad luck by crossingyour fingers and (35)______ them crossed until you have seen a dog. (36)______ , you may lick your finger and (37)______ a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe until the (38) ______ has dried.

Another common (39)______ is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house— it will either bring (40) ______ to the person who opened it or to the whole (41)______ . Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is (42) ______ , as it inevitably brings rain!

The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month(43)______ on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had better stay (44)______ . The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, (45)______ it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to (46)______ in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods.

Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, even though they are (47)______ wit-chcraft, it is (48) ______ lucky if a black cat crosses your path—although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.

Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood (49)______ luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is temptingfate, such as,“my car has never (50)______ , touch wood?”

31. A. broadly B. widely C. quickly D. speedily

32. A. running from B. jumping off C. stepping off D. keeping from

33. A. If B. As C. Though D. Unless

34. A. erase B. remove C. avoid D. ease

35. A. keep B. keeping C. kept D. to keep

36. A. Consequently B. However C. Comparatively D. Alternatively

37. A. make B. print C. perform D. produce

38. A. label B. symbol C. mark D. cut

39. A. argument B. superstition C. opinion D. idea

40. A. loss B. difficulty C. tragedy D. misfortune

41. A. house B. household C. home D. circle

42. A. unwise B. unintelligent C. unpopular D. unfortunate

43. A. falls B. arrives C. drops D. happens

44. A. away B. outdoors C. indoors D. far

45. A. when B. as C. if D. though

46. A. have originated B. be originating C. be originated D. originate

47. A. concerned about B. related with C. associated with D. connected in

48. A. especially B. specially C. frequently D. rarely

49. A. as B. for C. in D. of

50. A. broken up B. broken off C. broken away D. broken down

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,介绍了英国的迷信传说。

第一部分(1~4):介绍了三个在英国广为流传的会带来厄运的迷信说法。

第二部分(5~6):介绍了两个被英国人视为会带来好运的迷信说法。

【答案详解】

31. B 副词词义辨析。【解析】 “broadly”:大体上;宽广地,广阔地; “widely”:广泛地,普遍地,常见搭配为“ widely known”;“widely held”等; “quickly”和“speedily”指速度快。这里作者想要表达的意思是“最广为流传的迷信是……”。故选 B。

32. C动词词组辨析。【解析】 “run from”:从……跑出; “jump off”:跳下,跳离;“step off”:走下来; “keep from”:阻止;隐瞒。此处意为:走下人行道进入川流不息的马路上。故选 C。

33. A 逻辑关系判断。【解析】根据上下文可知,本句意为:如果非得从梯子下经过,那你需要手指交叉,并一直保持这种动作,直到看见一条狗你才能松开。故选 A。

34. C 动词词义辨析。【解析】 “erase”:擦掉,抹去; “remove”:除去,开除; “avoid”:避免;“ease”:减轻;缓和;放松。此处是指“避免厄运”,故选 C。

35. B 并列结构辨析。【解析】本句中介词“ by”的宾语是由“ and”连接的两个并列成分。根据前一句中的动名词“ crossing”可知,空白处动词也应使用动名词形式,故选 B。

36. D 副词词义辨析。【解析】 “consequently”:结果;因此(表示因果关系);“however”:但是,然而(表示转折关系);“comparatively”:比较地,相当地(表示比较关系);“alternatively”:非此即彼;二者选一地(表示并列意义)。联系上下文可知,空白处前面介绍了一种避免厄运的方法,本句介绍的是另一种避凶的方法,应选表示并列意义的副词,故选 D。

37. A 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “make a cross”:画十字。故选 A。

38. C 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “label”:标签,商标; “symbol”:(代表抽象事物的)象征; “mark”:(留在物体表面的)印记,标记; “cut”:伤口,切口。本句意为:直到鞋尖上画的十字痕迹干了以后。故选 C。

39. B 名词词义辨析。【解析】本文主要在介绍英国的“ superstition”(迷信)。空白处的前文已经介绍了一个迷信说法,由 “another”一词可知,这里要开始介绍第二个迷信说法,故选 B。

40. D 名词词义辨析。【解析】根据上文中的“ it is unlucky…”可推断出此句意为“这会给那个人带来坏运气”。“misfortune”:不幸,灾祸; “bring misfortune tosb.”:给某人带来不幸。故选 D。

41. B 名词词义辨析。【解析】 “household”:一家人;同住在一座房子里的人;“circle”:(有共同兴趣、职业等的人形成的 )圈子;界,如“ business circle”(商界);“political circle”(政界)。此句意为:或者给全家人带来坏运气。故选 B。

42. C 形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “unwise”:不明智的;愚蠢的; “unintelligent”:缺乏才智的;无知的; “unpopular”:不受欢迎的;不流行的; “unfortunate”:不幸的。本句意为:晴天撑伞是不受人欢迎的,因为这样会带来雨天。由句中的因果关系可知,雨天并不是一件不幸的事,而是“不受欢迎的”事,故选 C。

43. A 固定词组搭配。【解析】 “fall”与介词“ on”搭配,后接表时间概念的词时,表示“(特殊事件)发生在某一天”,本句中“ fall on a Friday”表示“恰逢一个周五”,故选 A。

44. C 副词词义辨析。【解析】本句意为:任何想避免厄运的人最好还是待在家里。故选 C。

45. B 逻辑关系判断。【解析】空白处前半句意为:打碎镜子会给人带来最大的不幸;后半句意为:它会带来七年的坏运气。由此可知,第二部分是第一部分的原因,这里缺一个引导原因状语从句的连词,故选 B。

46. A 动词时态辨析。【解析】本句意为:这个迷信说法源于古代,那时镜子被视为上帝的工具。既然迷信说法已经出现,那就需要用不定式的完成时来表示这一结果,故选 A。

47. C动词词组辨析。【解析】 “(be) concerned about”:担忧;担心; “(be) related with”:相关;符合; “(be) associated with”:与……有关系;与……相联系; “connect”一般与介词“ with”搭配,意为“与……连接”。本句意为:在英国,黑猫通常被认为是吉利的,尽管人们经常把它和巫术联系在一起。故选 C。

48. A 副词词义辨析。【解析】 “especially”:格外,尤其(可用作程度副词,修饰形容词);“specially”:特别地,专门地(强调特殊性);“frequently”:频繁地(频率副词);“rarely”:很少地,不经常地,罕见地(频率副词)。前文提到黑猫通常被认为是吉利的,此句意为:如果黑猫从你面前走过,那就尤为吉利。故选 A。

49. B 介词词义辨析。【解析】本句意为:摸一下木头以祈求好运。此处需填表示目的的介词,故选 B。

50. D 动词词组辨析。【解析】 “break up”:打碎;破碎;结束;驱散; “break off”:中断,断绝; “break away”:脱离,离开( from sb./ sth.);“break down”:(汽车)抛锚,出故障,失灵。故选 D。

九、2005年专四完形填空真题与解析

【真题操练】

PART III CLOZE                [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

A person’s home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) “(31) ______ home”. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical (32)______ ______ of cash and location on achieving that idea. Cash (33) ______ , in fact, often means that the only way of (34)______ when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things (35)______ financially. There are obvious (36) ______ of living at home—personal laundry is usually (37) ______ done along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to (38) ______ . And there is (39) ______ the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc. On the other hand, (40)______ depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family—(41)______ do you like them? Are you prepared to be (42)______ when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) (43)______ , and that you finally have the money to leave, how do you (44) ______ finding somewhere else to live? If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are (45)______ well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always (46)______ . If you are going to work in a (47) ______ area, again there are the papers—and the accommodation agencies, (48)______ these should be approached with (49)______ . Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the (50)______ of the first week’s rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.

31. A. ideal B. perfect C. imaginary D. satisfactory

32. A. deficiencies B. weaknesses C. insufficiencies D. limitations

33. A. cut B. shortage C. lack D. drain

34. A. getting over B. getting in C. getting back D. getting along

35. A. improve B. enhance C. develop D. proceed

36. A. concerns B. issues C. advantages D. problems

37. A. still B. always C. habitually D. consequently

38. A. call in B. call over C. call upon D. call out

39. A. always B. rarely C. little D. sometimes

40. A. and B. but C. still D. or

41. A. tolerant B. hostile C. indifferent D. good-tempered

42. A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite

43. A. agreement B. consensus C. compromise D. deal

44. A. go about B. go over C. go in for D. go through

45. A. seldom B. less C. probably D. certainly

46. A. dependent B. a good source of informationC. of great value D. reliable

47. A. familiar B. cold C. humid D. new

48. A. though B. while C. since D. as

49. A. enthusiasm B. hesitation C. caution D. concern

50. A. same B. equivalent C. equal D. similarity

【文章大意】

本篇为说明文,主要讲了刚毕业的学生所面临的住房问题。短文虽然只有一段,但很清晰地介绍了三个层次的内容。

第一部分:通常来说,刚毕业的学生由于资金等问题,会选择在家住过渡一段时间。

第二部分:在家住的几个好处以及可能面临的问题。

第三部分:对于外出租房的建议。

【答案详解】

30. A形容词词义辨析。【解析】此处句意为:每个人心中都有一个“理想的家”,不同性格的人对此定义不同。此题关键是区分“ ideal”和“ perfect”这两个词的概念。 “ideal”强调达到想象中的最完美境界; “perfect”强调完美无瑕,一般是指说话人对某事物的判断或评价。“ideal”比“ perfect”的主观性更强,更符合语境,故选 A。

32. D名词词义辨析。【解析】 “deficiency”:缺陷,缺点,毛病;缺少,不足的数额; “weakness”:(人的)缺点,弱点; “insufficiency”:不充足,不充分,缺乏(不可数名词);“limitation”:限制;不足。综合考虑,只有“ limitation”既可以与“cash”和“ location”搭配,又可以与后面的介词“ on”搭配,表示“对……的限制或制约”,故选 D。

33. B名词词义辨析。【解析】 “cut”:削减; “shortage”:缺乏; “lack”:缺乏,缺少,“drain”:消耗,流失。 “lack”前面不能直接加表示所缺内容的词,而应采用“ a lack of sth.”的结构,如“ (a) lack of cash”;而对于“ shortage”,两种用法都可以,且“ cash shortage”为常见搭配,指“资金短缺”。故选 B。

34. D固定词组辨析。【解析】 “get over”:渡过,克服;从疾病中恢复(及物词组,一般要接宾语);“get in”: (使 )进入; “get back”:取回; “get along”:与……相处融洽;(勉强)过日子,(勉强)对付过去;进展。本句意为:事实上,缺钱就意味着你毕业时唯一能继续生活下去的方式就是先在家里住一阵子。故选 D。

35. A动词词义辨析。【解析】 “improve”:vt./vi.好转;改善; “enhance”:vt.加强;使更好(更强调在价值、美、声望、意识等方面的增强和提高);“develop”: vt./vi.发展(一般强调情况的逐步发展、维持其原有趋势);“proceed”:vi.进行。故选 A。

36. C名词词义辨析。【解析】根据下文内容可知,这里句意为:明显,住在家里有一些好处。只有选项 C“advantage”(好处,优势)符合句意,故选 C。

37. C副词词义辨析。【解析】 “always”和“ still”与句中的“ usually”语意重复,故可排除选项 A、B;“habitually”:习惯性地; “consequently”用于因果关系(一般出现在句子或分句的开始位置),不合语境,故可排除选项 D。此句意为:通常,个人的衣服还是习惯性地和家人的一起洗(而不用自己单独洗)。故选 C。

38. A固定词组辨析。【解析】 “call in”:叫(某人)进来;收回,请(某人)来帮忙;“call over”:点名,看望; “call (up)on”:号召;拜访,探望(一般指短暂的访问);“call out”:大声叫喊,点名,号召。此句意为:还有一个早已建立好的朋友圈可以依靠。此处是在讲住家里的好处之一,那么“ call upon”(拜访)不合逻辑,应该是“叫来帮忙”,故选 A。

39. B副词词义辨析。【解析】根据上下文可判断此处意为:付账的责任很小。因此此处应使用带有否定含义的词。从语法上讲, “little”后面不可再加“ the”,所以只有选项 B的“ rarely”符合语境。故选 B。

40. D副词词义辨析。【解析】根据上下文可判断此处意为:另一方面,(是否选择住在家中)在很大程度上要看家庭关系相处得如何。此处需要一个表示“很大程度上”意思的词,再根据谓语动词用的是第三人称单数,可知只有“ much”符合语境。故选 D。

41. B逻辑关系辨析。【解析】 “love”是一种持久的、深沉的情感; “like”则可以表示临时的、暂时的、外露的情绪。一个人心底可能会很爱他的家人,但可能因为性格不合或其他原因他并不喜欢他的家人。因此,使用“ but”并不会使此句发生意思上的冲突。其次, “may/of course/admittedly...but...”等结构在英语中传达一种让步含义。故选 B。

42. A形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “tolerant”:容忍的,忍受的;宽容的;“hostile”:充满敌意的; “indifferent”:冷漠的,漠不关心的; “good-tempered”:好性情的,脾气好的(指惯常的性格,表长久的状态)。本处句意:你晚上外出时就要准备好忍受父母的盘问。故选 A。

43. C固定词组搭配。【解析】 “agreement”:同意,一致; “consensus”:共识;一致;“compromise”:折中,妥协,和解; “deal”:交易,协议。 “manage a compromise”为固定搭配,表示“(在两者间)取得平衡点,做出妥协”,还可以用“ come to/ make/ strike a compromise”表示相似含义。故选 C。

44. A固定词组辨析。【解析】 “go about”:处理,着手做,开始,(消息等 )流传;“go over”:复习,审查; “go in for”:从事……,追求,对……感兴趣,参加 (比赛,考试等 );“go through”:(使)通过,完成,重复,练习。本句意为:你打算如何着手找住处呢?故选 A。

45. D副词词义辨析。【解析】本句意为:如果你想在家附近找住处,那么你对哪里有可能租到房子肯定是比较了解的。故选 D。

46. B形容词词义辨析。【解析】 “dependent”:依靠的,依赖的,取决于……的;“a good source of information”:一个很好的信息来源;“of great value”:具有很大的帮助、作用或价值; “reliable”:可以依赖的,可靠的。空白处上下文指,在家附近找房子时,朋友和地方报纸都是很好的信息来源,故选 B。

47. D形容词词义辨析。【解析】这里作者试图与前面的内容(住在家周围)进行对比。只有选项 D指“新的领域”,符合语境,故选 D。

48. A 逻辑关系判断。【解析】 “though”引导让步状语从句,用作补充信息时,相当于一种提醒; “while”引导让步状语从句时一般位于句首; “since”和“ as”均表示原因,此处在意思上讲不通。根据上下文,本句表达的意思为:要寻求房屋中介的帮助时应谨慎小心。故选 A。

49. C名词词义辨析。【解析】 “with caution”(固定搭配):小心谨慎地,带有提防地; “with enthusiasm”:满怀热情地; “with hesitation”:犹豫地; “with”一般不与“ concern”单独构成一个短语。故选 C。

50. B固定词组搭配。【解析】 “equivalent of”:……的等价物,等同物,含义与用法都符合要求; “the same”应与“ as”连用; “the equal”用作名词时一般指人; “the equal of”:是……的对手;与某人拥有同等机会、权利的人。故选 B。 sk8qJz4TwFDQZ/zJZYU9/g76CZ+2meJD00hNG7JIfv486/iGGWYj2cfKiifMDWKc

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