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Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now, listen to the interview.
1. A. He had excellent academic records at school and university.
B. He was once on a PHD programme at Yale University.
C. He received professional training in acting.
D. He came from a single-parent family.
2. A. aliens
B. UFOs
C. the TV character
D. government conspiracies
3. A. professional training
B. personality
C. life experience
D. appearance
4. A. a sense of frustration.
B. haunted by the unknown things
C. confident but moody
D. successful yet unsatisfied.
5. A. He feels a sense of anger.
B. He has a sense of sadness.
C. It helped him grow up.
D. It left no effect on him.
If you are going to create a TV show that plays week after week, it needs an actor who can play a believer, you know, a person who tends to believe everything. Tonight in our show we have David Duchovney, who has starred in the popular TV series, “The X-Files”. Thanks to his brilliant performance in the TV series, David has become one of best-known figures in the country.
W: Good evening, David, I'm so glad to have you here.
M: It's my pleasure. Thank you for inviting me on the show.
W: David, your contribution to the hot series is quite apparent. Now let's talk about your personal experience. From what I have read, I know that starting from your childhood, you were always a smart boy, went to the best private school, and were accepted at most of the Ivy League colleges. Not bad for a low middle class kid from a broken family on New York's Lower Eastside. It's even more surprising when you, who were on your way to a doctorate at Yale to [1] take a few acting classes and got beaten by the book.
M: You bet. My mother was really surprised when I decided to give up all that in order to become an actor.
W: Sure. But talking about Mulder, the believer in 'The X-Files', what about you, David? Do you believe at all in real life, the aliens, people from outer space, you know, UFOs, government conspiracies, all the things that the TV series deal with?
M: Well, government conspiracies, I think, are a little far fetched. Because I mean, it's very hard for me to keep a secret with a friend of mine. And you can tell me that the entire government is going to come together and hide the aliens from us? I find that hard to believe. In terms of aliens, I think that they are real. They must be.
W: [2] So you could believe in aliens?
M: [2] Oh, yeah.
W: [3] The character you played in 'The X-Files', Fox Mulder, is so dark and moody. Are you dark and moody in life?
M: [3] I think so. I think what they wanted was somebody who could be this hearted, driven person, but not behave that way and therefore be hearted and driven but also appear to be normal and not crazy at the same time. And I think that I could, I can, I can afford that.
W: What haunts you now? What drives you now?
M: What drives me is failure and success and all those things, so...
W: [4] Where are you now? Are you haunted and driven, failed or successful, which?
M: [4] Yeah, both.
W: All of the above?
M: I always feel like a failure.
W: Do you mean now you feel like a failure?
M: Yeah, I mean, sometimes you know, like I come back to New York, so its like, everything is different. So I lie on bed and think, two years ago, three years ago, very different. [4] Maybe I'm doing well, but then I think, you know there are just so many other things that I want to do and...
W: Your father and mother divorced when you were eleven. Does that have effect on your life today that you recognize?
M: Well, yeah, I think that the only way to think of it is that, you know, people are saying 'your wound is your goal', you know, [5] 'wherever you're hurt, that's where you'll become stronger.' So, that's what, that's what it's really about...
W: OK. It's time for short break. We'll be back in a minute. David Duchovney in 'The X-Files', don't go away.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT about David's personal background?
2. What might David believe in?
3. Why does David think he is fit for the TV role?
4. What does David think about his status at present?
5. How does David feel about the divorce of his parents?
1.C细节题。在访谈中主持人提到“…took a few acting classes”，可见David只是上了几次表演课，并没有接受过专业的表演培训，所以C项的说法是错误的。
2.A细节题。在对话中，David对“So you could believe in aliens?”的回答是“oh, yeah.”可见，David可能倾向于相信aliens。故答案为A
3.B推理题。由对话中可知，David在《X档案》中所扮演的角色的性格是dark and moody，而他本人在现实生活中也是这样的。由此可见，David认为他本人适合TV role是由于他的personality（性格）的原因。
4.D 细节题。在访谈中David对主持人“Where are you now? Are you haunted and driven, failed or successful, which?”的回答是“Yeah, both.”由此可知，David对现状既有成功之感，同时也有不满意之处。故D项为正确答案。
5.C细节题。David就父母离婚一事说“…wherever you are hurt，that's where you'll become stronger”（你受到伤害的地方，也是你变得坚强的地方）。由此可见，David认为父母的离异促进了他的成长，答案为C项。
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now, listen to the interview.
1. A. Students worked very hard.
B. Students felt they needed a second degree.
C. Education was not career oriented.
D. There were many specialized subjects.
2. A. To turn out an adequate number of elite for the society.
B. To prepare students for their future career.
C. To offer practical and utilitarian courses in each programme.
D. To set up as many technical institutions as possible.
3. A. require good education
B. are secondary to education
C. don't call for good education
D. don't conflict with education
4. A. Shifting from one programme to another.
B. Working out ways to reduce student number.
C. Emphasizing better quality of education.
D. Setting up stricter examination standards.
5. A. those who can adapt to different professions
B. those who have a high flexibility of mind
C. those who are thinkers, historians and philosophers
D. those who possess only highly specialized skills
H: Good evening, I'm Nancy Johnson. The guest on our radio talk this evening is Professor Wang Gongwu. Hello, Professor Wang.
W: Hello.
H : Professor Wang, as I know, you are still very fond of your university days as a student.
W: That's right. That was in 1949. The university I went to was a brand new university then, and the only one in the country at that time. When I look back, it was an amazingly small university and we knew everybody.
H: How did the students like you, for example, study then?
W. We did not study very hard, because we did not have to. We didn't have all these fantastic competitions as you have today. [1] We were always made to feel that getting a first degree in the Arts' faculty was not preparation for a profession. It was a general education. We were not under any pressure to decide on our careers, and we had such a good time.
H: What do you think is the most striking difference in the present day education since then?
W. University education has changed dramatically since those days. Things are very specialized today.
H: Yes, definitely so. And in your subsequent career experience, Prof. Wang, you have repeatedly noted that one has to look at the development of education in one particular country in the broad context. What do you mean by that?
W. Well, the whole world has moved away from elite education and universities to meet the needs of mass education. And entering universities is no longer a privilege for the few. [2] And universities today are more concerned with providing jobs for their graduates in a way that universities in our time never had to be bothered about. Therefore, the emphasis of university programs today is now on the practical and the utilitarian rather than on the general education or on personal development.
H: Do you think that is a welcome development?
W: Well, I personally regret this development. But the basic bachelor's education now has to cater to people who really need a piece of paper to find a decent job.
H: So you are concerned about this development?
W: Yes, I'm very concerned. [3] With technical changes, many of the things that you learned are technical skills which didn't require you to become very well educated. Yet, if you can master those skills, you can get very good jobs. So the technical institutions are going to be increasingly popular at the expense of traditional universities.
H: Prof. Wang, let's look at a different issue. How do you comment on the current phenomenon that more and more universities admit students because of the fees they pay?
W: Well, once you accept students on financial grounds, one wonders whether you have to pass them as well. But this is the development in education that we have to contend with. Yet, if we are concerned about maintaining standards, [4] what we can do is to concentrate on improving the quality of education.
H: Yes, you are right. A university is judged by the quality of education it offers. Prof. Wang, let's turn to the future. What types of graduates, in your view, do universities of the future need to produce if they are to remain relevant?
W: [5] I think their graduates must be able to shift from one profession to another, because they are trained in a very independent way. [5] If you can do that, you raise the level of the flexibility of the mind. Today's rapid changes in technology demand this adaptability. [5] And you see, the best universities in the world are already trying to guarantee that their students will not only be technically-trained, but can be that kind of people that can adapt to any changing situation.
H: But still some might believe that there is a definite place for education in the broader sense, that is to say, in personal intellectual development.
W: No doubt about that. We need people who will think about the future, about the past, and also people who will think about society. [5] If a society does not have philosophers, or people who think about the value of life, it's a very sad society indeed.
H: That's true. OK, thank you very much, Prof. Wang, for talking to us on the show about the changing trends in education.
W: You are welcome.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. What was education like in Professor Wang's days?
2. According to Professor Wang, what is the purpose of the present education?
3. What is Professor Wang's opinion about technical skills?
4. With the increasing numbers of fee-paying students, what should we do to deal with the situation caused?
5. Which kind of graduates is not what the future education needs to produce?
1.C细节题。Wang在对话中说，“…not preparation for a profession, it was a general education. We were not under any pressure to decide on our careers.”可见，他们那时的教育不是从职业出发的。
2.B细节题。对于目前大学的目的，Wang认为“are more concerned with providing jobs for their graduates”，即为学生的职业做准备。
3.C细节题。关于technical skills，Wang认为“…didn't require you to become very well educated”，即对专门技能的培养对教育的要求并不很高。
4.C面对“universities admit students because of the fees they pay”的情况，Wang的建议是“concentrate on improving the quality of education”，即提高教育质量。
5.D推理判断题。对于未来大学教育须培养的人才，Wang提到“the best universities in the world are already trying to guarantee that their students will not only be technically-trained, but can be that kind of people that can adapt to any changing situation.”，由此可知仅仅注重专业能力是不够的，因此D项不正确。
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now, listen to the interview.
1. A. English language proficiency
B. different cultural practices
C. different negotiation tasks
D. the international Americanized style
2. A. supportive
B. negative
C. ambiguous
D. cautious
3. A. Americans prepare more points before negotiations.
B. Americans are more straightforward during negotiations.
C. Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.
D. Brazilians seek more background information.
4. A. The British. B. Germans. C. Americans. D. Not mentioned.
5. A. Reserved.
B. Prejudiced.
C. Polite.
D. Prudent.
M: I'm talking to Janet Holmes who has spent many years negotiating for several well-known national and multi-national companies. Hello, Janet.
W: Hello.
M：Now Janet, you've experienced and observed the negotiation strategies used by people from different countries and speakers of different languages. So before we comment on the differences, could I ask you to comment, first of all, on what such encounters have in common?
W：OK, well, I'm just going to focus on the situations where people are speaking English in international business situations.
M: I see. Now, not every one speaks to the same degree of proficiency. Maybe that affects the situation.
W: Yes, perhaps. But that is not always so significant. Well, because, [1] I mean, negotiations between business partners from different countries normally mean we have negotiations between individuals who belong to distinct cultural traditions.
M: Oh, I see.
W: Well, every individual has a different way of performing various tasks in everyday life.
M: Yes, but, but isn't it the case that in the business negotiation, they must come together and work together to a certain extent. I mean, doesn't that level up the style of, the style of differences or somewhat?
W: Oh, I am not so sure. I mean there're people in the so-called Western World who say that in the course of the past 30 or 40 years, there are a lot of things that have changed a great deal globally, and that as a consequence, national differences had diminished, giving way to some sort of international Americanized style.
M: Yeah, I've heard that. [2] Now some people say this Americanized style has acted as a model for local patterns.
W: [2] Maybe it has, maybe it hasn't. Because on the one hand, there does appear to be a fairly unified even uniform style of doing business with certain basic principles and preferences, you know, like “time is money”, that sort of thing. But at the same time, it is very important to remember the way all retain aspects of national characteristics. But it is the actual behaviour that we will talk about here. [2] We shouldn't be too quick to generalize that to national characteristic and stylistic type. It doesn't help much.
M: Yeah. You mentioned Americanized style. What is particular about American style of business bargaining or negotiating?
W: Well, I've noticed that, for example, when Americans negotiate with people from Brazil, the [3] American negotiators make their points in a direct, sophistical way.
M: I see.
W: [3] While Brazilians make their points in a more indirect way.
M: How?
W: Let me give you an example. [3] Brazilian importers look at people they're talking to straight in the eyes a lot. They spend time on what some people thinks to be background information. They seem to be more indirect.
M: Then, what about the American negotiators?
W: [3] American style of negotiating, on the other hand, is far more like that of point-making; first point, second point, third point, and so on. Now of course, this isn't the only way in which one can negotiate and there's absolutely no reason why this should be considered as the best way to negotiate.
M: Right. Americans seem to have a different style, say, even from the British, don't they?
W: Exactly, which just show how careful you must be about generalizing. I mean, how about asking you explain how the American negotiators are seen as informal, and sometimes much too open. [4] For British eyes, Americans are too direct even blunt.
M: Is that so?
W: Yeah, at the same time, the British too. German negotiators can appear direct and uncompromising in the negotiations, and [4] yet if you experience Germans and Americans negotiating together, it often is the Americans who are too blunt for the German negotiators.
M: Fascinating! So people from different European countries use different styles, don't they?
W: That's right.
M: OK. So what about the Japanese then? I mean, is their style different from the Americans and Europeans?
W: Oh, well, yes, of course. [5] Many Europeans nod its extreme politeness of their Japanese counterpart, the way they avoid giving the slightest defense, you know. [5] They're also very reserved to people they don't know well. At the first meetings American colleagues have difficulties in finding the right approach sometimes. But then when you meet the Japanese negotiators again, this initial impression tends to disappear. [5] But it is perhaps true to say the average Japanese business person does choose his or her words really very carefully.
M: So can we say that whatever nationalities you are dealing with, you need to remember that different nationalities negotiate in different ways?
W: Well it's perhaps more helpful to bear in mind that different people behave in negotiating in different ways. And you shouldn't assume that everyone will behave in the same way that you do.
M: Right. It is definitely a very useful tip for our businessman who often negotiate with their overseas partners, OK, Janet, thank you very much for talking with us.
W: My pleasure.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. According to Janet, what factor would affect negotiations most?
2. What is Janet's attitude towards the Americanized style as a model for business negotiations?
3. Which is NOT the difference between Brazilian and American negotiators?
4. Which group of people seems to be the most straightforward?
5. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Japanese negotiators?
1.B细节题。在Janet看来，negotiations between partners from different countries mean negotiations between individuals who belong to distinct cultural traditions，即不同的文化传统是影响谈判的主要因素。
2.D 态度题。当提到把美式谈判作为各地的谈判模型时，Janet既说到美国式谈判有一个特定的范式，但是，有一些方面是美国特色的。并总结说“We shouldn't be too quick to generalize that to national characteristic and stylistic type”由此可推断，她的态度是很谨慎的。
3.A细节题。讨论巴西和美国谈判者的不同点时，女士说“Brazilian importers look at people they're talking to straight in the eyes a lot. They spend time on what some people thinks to be background information”。而美国是“far more like that of point-making; first point, second point, third point, and so on.”也就是说巴西谈判者会看着对方的眼睛，而且会花很多时间去铺垫背景信息，显得不直接。而美国谈判者会很直接的罗列要点。只有选项A没有涉及。因此选A项。
4.C细节题。根据录音原文，在英国人眼中，美国人很直接。而德国人和美国人在一起谈判，德国人也会感觉到美国的谈判方式太直接了。由此可知美国的谈判方式最直接。
5.B细节题。Janet谈到日本人时提到多少欧洲人都对他们的极度礼貌（politeness）表示同意。而且他们对自己不熟悉的人会很保守（reserved），最后，Janet提到，日本人说话时会很小心地（carefully）选择自己措辞等。只有B项没有提及，因此选B项。reserved（寡言的）；prejudiced（有偏见的）；polite（礼貌的）；prudent（谨慎的）。
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now, listen to the interview.
1. A. To look into the mental health of old people.
B. To explain why people have negative views on old age.
C. To help correct some false beliefs about old age.
D. To identify the various problems of old age.
2. A. People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.
B. There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.
C. We should not expect more physical illness among old people.
D. We should not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.
3. A. family love is gradually disappearing
B. it is hard to comment on family feeling
C. more children are indifferent to their parents
D. family love remains as strong as ever
4. A. negative
B. positive
C. ambiguous
D. neutral
5. A. old-age sickness
B. loose family ties
C. poor mental abilities
D. difficulties in maths
M: Today, we've Professor McKay on our morning talk show. Good morning, Professor McKay.
W: Good morning.
M: I've heard that you and your team have just completed a report on old age.
W: That's right.
M: Could you tell me what your report is about?
W: Well, the report basically looks into the various beliefs that people hold about old age and tries to verify them.
M: And what do you think your report can achieve?
W: [1] We hope that it will somehow help people to change their feelings about old age. The problem is that far too many of us believe that most old people are poor, lonely, and unhappy. As a result, we tend to find old people, as a group, unattractive. And this is very dangerous for our society.
M: But surely we cannot escape the fact that many old people are lonely and many are sick.
W: No, we can't. But we must also remember that the proportion of such people is no greater among the 60-70 age group than among the 50-60 age group.
M: In other words, there is no more mental illness, for example, among the 60s-70s than among the 50s-60s.
W: Right! And why should there be? [2] Why should we expect people to suddenly change when they reach their 60th or 65th birthday any more than they did when they reached their 21st?
M: But one would expect there to be more physical illness among old people, surely.
W: Why should one expect this? After all, those people who reach the age of 65 or 70 are the strong among us. The weak die mainly in childhood, then in their 40s and 50s. Furthermore, by the time people reach 60 or 65, they have learned how to look after themselves. They keep warm, sleep regular hours, and eat sensibly. Of course, some old people do suffer from physical illnesses, but these do not suddenly develop on their 65th birthday. People who are healthy in middle age tend to be healthy in old age, just as one would expect.
M: Do you find that young people these days are not as concerned about their parents as their parents were about theirs?
W: [3] We have found nothing that suggests that family feeling is either dying or dead. There do not appear to be large numbers of young people who are trying, for example, to have their dear old mother locked up in a mental hospital.
M: Don't many more parents live apart from their married children then used to be the case?
W: True, but this is because many more young families can afford to own their own homes these days than ever before. In other words, parents and their married children usually live in separate households because they prefer it that way, not because the children refuse to have mum and dad living with them.
M: Is this a good thing, do you think?
W: [4] I think that it's an excellent arrangement. We all like to keep part of our lives private, even from those we love dearly. [4] I certainly don't think that it's a sign of the increased loneliness of old age.
M: Are people's mental abilities affected by old age?
W: Certain changes do take place as we grow older, but this happens throughout life. We have carried out some very interesting experiments in which a group of people aged 60-70 and a group aged 30-40 had to learn the same things. The first thing we discovered was that the young group tends to be quicker at learning than the old group. However, although the old group took longer to learn, eventually, they performed as well as the young group. And when we tested the two groups several weeks later, there was again no difference between the two groups.
M: That's very interesting indeed. What else did your experiments show?
W: Well, one group of old people agreed to attend evening classes for a year to study English and mathematics. We discovered that they did best in the English classes and that most of them steadily improved their ability to communicate in both the written and the spoken language.
M: What about the group who studied mathematics?
W: Well, that's a different story. [5] There seems to be no doubt that people find maths more difficult as they grow older.
Though, why this is so, I cannot say.
M: Okay. Time for a commercial. Stay tuned; we'll be right back.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. What is the purpose of Professor McKay's report?
2. Which of the following is NOT Professor McKay's view?
3. What is Professor McKay's opinion about family feelings nowadays?
4. What is Professor McKay's attitude towards the tendency of more parents living apart from their children?
5. What is the popular belief that Professor McKay doesn't know its reason?
1.C细节题。录音中，女士提到，报告的目的是：look into the various beliefs that people hold about old age并试图证实他们，随后，女士又指出，希望该报告能够帮助人们改变对变老的一些感受（change their feelings about old age），综合可得出报告的目的是让人们改变对年老的错误观念。
2.A细节题。采访中女士用反问的语气提出“为什么要觉得人们在60或65岁时会突然改变（suddenly change），而不是在21岁时突然改变？”，表明女士不赞同这一观点，A项符合。
3.D细节题。录音中女士提到“we have found nothing that suggests family feeling is either dying or dead”，由此可见这位女士认为家庭情感仍旧和以前一样强烈，故选D项。
4.B细节题。谈到对年轻人与老人分居的看法时，professor McKay指出“it's an excellent arrangement”，可判断，她对此举持积极态度。
5.D细节题。录音结尾部分，professor McKay谈到“无疑，随年龄的增长人们发现数学会越来越难”，她还指出，具体原因是什么，她自己也不清楚。所以D项正确。
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now, listen to the interview.
1. A. she owned a car
B. she drove well
C. she liked drivers' uniforms
D. it was her childhood dream
2. A. The right sense of direction.
B. The sense of judgment.
C. The skill of maneuvering.
D. The size of vehicles.
3. A. Seeing interesting buildings in the city.
B. Being able to enjoy the world of nature.
C. Driving in unsettled weather.
D. Taking long drives outside the city.
4. A. uncaring
B. strict
C. affectionate
D. permissive
5. A. rather difficult to please
B. rude to women drivers
C. talkative and generous with tips
D. different in personality
(I: Interviewer N: Nancy)
I: Hello, Nancy, I know you are one of a few women taxi drivers in the city now, and you drive for a living. What made you want to be a common taxi driver in the first place?
N: [1] I took pride in driving well, even when I was young for I have to wait until I have a car to learn to drive. When I finally learned, it was something I really enjoyed and still enjoy. I remember how smart those taxi drivers have seemed driving so well, and dressed so neatly in their uniforms. I thought I'd like to do that myself.
I: Then, what did you find the most difficult about becoming a taxi driver?
N: I can still remember when I was first learning to drive. [2] It was scary I didn't know yet how to judge distance. And when a big truck came near, it seemed like a wheel was just coming right over me. Anyway, soon I learned to judge distance. I began to look ahead, stopped worrying about trucks and about what was moving on either side.
I: Are there any unpleasant aspects in your job?
N: The only serious difficulty in this work is that it's sometimes dangerous to drive at night. But you have choices, and I always choose to work days rather than at night.
I: What’s the best part of your job?
N: [3] I soon found that what I like best about the job was being outdoors, seeing how this city changes from season to season. And there are places of scene I would probably never have seen in another job. And I love all kinds of weather. I like to leave the window down in a fine rain, and, and when I have a long drive, maybe end-of the day, [4] I sometimes go pass my home to tell my two little children I'll be home soon, when they always want to come along in my car.
I: Do they? I guess kids all like to be taken for a ride sometimes.
N: Yes, but you can not take any all along, and thus they pay or you pay for them. [4] So I've to pay their fares one of these days, and take them out in my taxi, because I really think it is fun out into the country side on the long drive, with the fresh air and sun shining. You just seem to want to drive forever. At least that is how it's for me.
I: Being a taxi driver, you have to meet all kinds of people. How do you feel about that?
N: I enjoy meeting many different people. I might not have met some of them if not for this job. I learned a lot how people behave in these years.
I: Can you tell us a bit more about it?
N: [5] The biggest advantage is that you come across various characters in your work. Some people are interesting, some rushed, some pleasant, some funny, some talkative, some so pressed for time that they change clothes in the taxi. Those who are in greatest rush would sometimes forget to pay.
I: Ok. Our interview is coming to the end. I'd like to wind up our interview by wishing you good luck in your job. Thank you very much for your time, Nancy.
N: Pleasure.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. Why did Nancy become a taxi driver?
2. According to Nancy, what was the most difficult about becoming a taxi driver?
3. What does Nancy like best about her job?
4. According to the interview, what kind of mother is Nancy?
5. What' the feature of the people that Nancy meets?
1.D细节题。采访者一开始就问南茜这个问题，她的回答是“even when I was young for I have to wait until I have a car to learn to drive.”由此可知，当一名司机是南茜儿时的梦想，故答案选D
2.B细节题。解答本题的关键句是“It was scary I didn't know yet how to judge distance.”这就是她所说到的难事，故答案选B
3.B细节题。当采访者问到她工作的最大优点时，南茜说道“I like best about the job was being outdoors, seeing how this city changes from season to season. And there are places of scene I would probably never have seen in another job.”由此可知，她非常喜欢车窗外的各种景色。故答案选B
4.C推断题。当采访者说她的孩子们一定喜欢经常坐她的车时，南茜的回答是“So I’ve to pay their fares one of these days, and take them out in my taxi, because I really think it is fun out into the country side on the long drive, with the fresh air and sun shining.”由此可知南茜是一位对孩子非常慈爱的母亲。故答案选C。uncaring不与关注的。strict严格的。affectionate深情的，慈爱的。permissive放任的，宽大的。
5. D细节题。南茜说她能接触不同个性的人，如“Some people are interesting, some rushed, some pleasant, some funny, some talkative, some so pressed for time that t hey change clothes in the taxi.”由此可知，她所遇到的人个性各不相同。故答案选D项。
1. A. Its subject.
B. Its style.
C. Its length.
D. Its content.
2. A. To be as realistic as possible.
B. To change as the story developed.
C. To be knowledgeable and lovable.
D. To be honest and reliable.
3. A. Readers wanted more books in that series.
B. He got tired of receiving letters.
C. Many publishers offered him contracts.
D. Readers were tired of his series of books.
4. A. To win an award in the science-fiction field.
B. To get more people to read his novels.
C. To improve his story-telling skills.
D. To make more money.
5. A. He wanted a rest from writing.
B. He was promised high earnings.
C. He was the first ever to be offered the chance.
D. He wanted more people to read his novels.
W: With us in the studio today is Dominic Austin—a science fiction writer who has delighted readers of all ages. Dominic, I read somewhere that you found it very easy to get published.
M: It's true. I was very lucky. But with Return to Nothing —my first book, I had a problem. I sent it to a firm of publishers and they kept them for about 6 months. They finally sent it back to me. Saying the way with written was very original and the story was amazing. [1] But they were unwilling to publish it because it was rather a large book and they were a tiny company. They advised me to contact another publisher who they knew was looking for science fiction writers. I had no trouble after that.
W: In Return to Nothing , the three central characters are completely imaginary, aren't they?
M: That's right. My characters are different from real people. [2] The main thing is that in a good adventure story, the characters must have some sort of evolution, for example, they come to have knowledge that they lack to begin with. And it doesn't mean they always go from being bad to being good at the end of the story. I don't believe in that. My heroes are not particularly lovable.
W: After Return to Nothing , you went on to write a series of three other books with the same central characters. Why?
M: I started Return to Nothing with one book in mind. It's sort of progress from there. And it went to another book then it went to a third book. The publishers knew they would be an instance success but writing a good series of books has one unwelcome consequence. [3] I got a lot of requests from readers for more books in that series. I love the fact that they bother to write to me about it. But I also need to do something different and recharge my batteries.
W: Your success has not yet led to any literary prizes. Do you regret that?
M: Not in the least. I'm a story-teller and story-tellers want an audience. [4] The more people who read me, the happier I am. So, all the other stuff to me has no meaning. I've always believed that when writers win prizes, their careers are over. But everyone seems to think I'm dying to win awards. I read a lot of fictions too and sometimes I wish I had written some of that. But I know I'm just as good, only different.
W: I understand your regret having allowed your book series to be made into a film.
M: Most definitely. [5] It was a moment of foolishness when I thought there was no one in the science fiction field who has ever been offered this chance. I somehow knew I was making a mistake, but my pride got in the way and then it was too late. It was a difficult experience because the director was asking me to change parts of the book all the time. I knew from the beginning there'll be little money anyway. Maybe the only advantage is that was an experience I could use in my writing.
W: That's very interesting.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. What made one firm of publishers refuse to accept Dominic's first book?
2. What did Dominic want from the characters in his books?
3. What happened after Dominic finished writing his series of books?
4. What is Dominic's ambition at the moment?
5. Why did Dominic agree to have his book series made into a film?
1.C 由“But they were unwilling to publish it because it was rather a large book and they were a tiny company.”可知，该公司拒绝出版的理由是Dominic的书篇幅太长。
2.B 根据“The main thing is that in a good adventure story, the characters must have some sort of evolution”可以推断，Dominic希望书中的人物是不断变化和发展的。
3.A 由“I got a lot of requests from readers for more books in that series.”可知，出版了三本后读者仍然要求作者继续该系列图书的写作。
4.B 根据Dominic的话“The more people who read me, the happier I am. So, all the other stuff to me has no meaning.”可知，他最大的愿望是有更多的读者。
5.C 根据“It was a moment of foolishness when I thought there was no one in the science fiction field who has ever been offered this chance.”可知，Dominic同意将小说拍成电影是因为他以为自己将成为首位将小说拍成电影的科幻小说家。
1. A. Carry too much.
B. Take risks.
C. Show fear.
D. Use oxygen.
2. A. One hour.
B. Two hours.
C. Three hours.
D. Four hours.
3. A. They hadn't taken lamps with them.
B. Their lamps went out.
C. They had disturbed the mud.
D. They didn't feel comfortable of their eyes.
4. A. By following a line they had laid.
B. By crawling inch by inch along the ground.
C. By feeling their way along the cave walls.
D. By one who had enough oxygen searching for the way out and then informing the other.
5. A. The rocks.
B. The unknown.
C. The water.
D. The scenery.
W: Next we're going to talk about cave diving and in the studio, we have Derek Stephens, who was one of the country's leading cave divers in his day. Cave diving is a sport in which people go down into underwater caves and explore them?
M: That's right.
W: Can you give us a few details?
M: Well, when caves or tunnels are full of water, and in order to get through, you have to use diving equipment, oxygen and everything. That's it in a nutshell.
W: So what sort of characteristics would you say you need to be a good cave diver?
M: I think [1] the most important thing probably is that if you're frightened you must not panic.
W: So when you started cave diving all those years ago, how much oxygen did you have with you?
M: [2] In the early days, I had two cylinders which would've lasted me about two hours.
W: So you knew that if anything happened after two hours you were in trouble.
M: I sure did, and that's why I never stayed down anywhere near two hours! In the beginning, you're very timid, you know. You only increase the time you spend in the caves very gradually.
W: Have you ever found yourself in a really dangerous situation?
M: Yes, when I was exploring a cave system with a friend of mine, George Bennet, and we got as far as the seventh chamber. It was magnificent, like a cathedral inside, [3] but in getting there we'd disturbed the mud on the cave floor. That's something that happens, the mud swirls up from the cave floor. Well, we couldn't see a thing. We couldn't even see the lamps we were carrying, and they were right in front of our eyes! Normally that isn't a problem because as you go into the caves, you lay a line, a kind of wire, which you just follow to find your way out.
W: So what happened?
M: Well, I was leading on the way back, following the line that we'd laid, but this time it did not lead me back to safety. I couldn't find the way out. George was behind me and he couldn't find the way either. So we signalled to each other that we had better go back to the last cave where there was air. [4] When we got there we had a discussion and decided that since George had more oxygen than I did he would go and see if he could find the way out and then he would send me a signal by pulling on the wire. So I sat there and waited.
W: You must have felt very lonely, Derek.
M: Oh, I've never been so lonely in my life. I waited and waited and then finally there was one pull on the line, then two pulls, then a dreadful wait for the third, which would mean he'd found the way out. Otherwise, I knew we were trapped in the cave and nobody knew where we were. In the end, there was a third pull.
W: Terrifying! I still can't understand why you did it, though. What exactly is the appeal of cave diving?
M: [5] That's hard. I suppose it's the unknown. You never know what's going to be around the next comer. Sometimes you see the most amazing colours, you know. That's enough to encourage you to go on.
W: Thank you, Derek.
M: It's my pleasure.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. What does Derek say a cave diver must not do?
2. How long did the oxygen Derek carried last each time he went cave diving?
3. Why couldn't Derek and George see anything in the caves?
4. How did they manage to find their way out of the caves?
5. Where did Derek find cave diving most appealing?
1.C根据对话可知，谈论的话题是cave diving（洞穴潜水），采访的对象是Derek Stephen。关于洞穴潜水员应该具有哪些特性，Derek提到“I think the most important thing probably is that if you're frightened you must not panic.”（我认为最重要的大概是害怕时一定不要恐慌），故答案选C项。
2.B对话中女士问Derek多年前开始洞穴潜水时，需要带多少氧气，Derek回答说“In the early days, I had two cylinders which would've lasted me about two hours.”，由此可知Derek携带的氧气可以持续两个小时，故选B项。
3.C对话中Derek提到一次他和他的朋友George Bennet去探索一个洞穴系统，进去之后我们搅动了洞穴地上的泥，然后出事了，泥从洞穴的地上被旋起，他们什么都看不到了。(in getting there we'd disturbed the mud on the cave floor. That's something that happens, the mud swirls up from the cave floor. Well, we couldn't see a thing.)，由此可见他们搅动了泥才导致他们看不见洞穴里的任何东西。
4.D对话中Derek提到“I was leading on the way back, following the line that we'd laid, but this time it did not lead me back to safety.”，由转折连词but可知，A项错误。B、C项在文中均未提及。由下文可知George的氧气较多，去找寻出去的路，而Derek Stephens在那等着，如果George找到路，就拉三下绳通知他一起出去。因此D项正确。
5.B对话的最后女士问洞穴潜水的魅力究竟在哪里，Derek说到“That's hard. I suppose it's the unknown.”（很难说，我认为是未知），随后又进行了解释，故答案是B项。
1. A. He missed the tuition due date.
B. He has not been paid.
C. His bank lost his paycheck.
D. His tuition payment got lost.
2. A. A new computer system was installed
B. Information was entered into the computer system correctly.
C. Some employee information got lost.
D. Paychecks were distributed for the wrong amount.
3. A. They did not realize that they had a problem.
B. They are rather disorganized.
C. They had tried to contact the man several times.
D. They prefer to process checks manually.
4. A. Talk to the person who hired him
B. Go to the payroll department
C. Call the director of the payroll department
D. Resubmit the payroll paperwork
5. A. From annoyed to appreciative
B. From frustrated to excite
C. From surprised to frustrate
D. From appreciative to surprise
Student: Hi. Miss Andrics.
Secretary: Hi Bret, how are you?
Student: I'm fine; except I have a question about my paycheck.
Secretary: What' up?
Student: Well it's already been several weeks since the end of the semester. [1] My check was supposed to go directly into my bank account, but there haven't been any deposits.
Secretary: That's odd. Did you complete all the forms for the payroll?
Student: I filled in whatever they sent me, and I returned it at the end of August
Secretary: Hum, well, you definitely should have been paid by now. At least two pay periods have passed since then.
Student: I asked the bank and they didn't know anything. Who should I talk to about lifts payroll?
Secretary: I'm going to contact them for you. There was a problem in processing some of the graduate students' payroll paper work. [2] 'Cause their computer program crashed after all the information was processed. And some people's information couldn't be retrieved.
Student: Hum. But why didn't any one let me know?
Secretary: I don't know how they work over there, 'cause they couldn't even figure out whose information was missing. [3] And this isn't the first time, seems like this happens every semester.
Student: So how do I find out if my information was lost?
Secretary: I will contact them tomorrow morning to see if you're in the system. But you're probably not.
Student: What should I do?
Secretary: [4] Sorry, but you will need to fill out those forms again and then I will fax them over the payroll office.
Student: Well, what I really need to know is when I will get the money. I'm already a month behind my bills and my tuition's due soon.
Secretary: That'll get you into the system the same day they receive your paper works. So if you do that tomorrow, you'll get paid next Friday.
Student: That's a long time from now. Will that pay checking include all the money I am owed?
Secretary: Yes, I will double check with the payroll department.
Student: And another thing. Is there any way I could get paid sooner? I have been teaching all these weeks...
Secretary: I know that's not fair, but I don't think they can do anything; all the checks are computed automatically in the system. They can't just write cheeks.
Student: But there is another one to make mistakes. They've never told me!
Secretary: I understand how you feel and if I were you, I'd be upset too. I'll tell you what: when I call them, I will explain the situation and ask them if there is any way you can be paid sooner. But I have to tell you that based on past experiences you shouldn't count on it.
Student: (Sigh) I understand, thanks. I know it's' not your fault and that you're doing everything you can.
Secretary: Well, what I CAN do is make sum that your first check for total amount the university owes you.
Student: That'll be great! Thank you. I will be at campus at 10 tomorrow morning and I will come back to see you then.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. What is the student's problem?
2. What happened at the payroll department?
3. What does the woman imply about the people who work in the payroll office?
4. What will the student probably need to do to get paid?
5. How does the student's attitude change during the conversation?
1.B主旨题。学生的问题在于他一直没有收到钱。故选B。
2.C细节题。录音中讲到支付部门由于处理完数据(processing information)后，电脑故障，数据丢失。因此，C是正确答案。
3.B推理题。秘书说这个部门不是第一次丢失学生信息，连丢了谁的信息都无法获知，暗含对这个部门管理不善的指责。故B是正确答案。
4.D细节题。录音中提到学生需要重新填写表格。故D是正确的。
5.A态度题。录音中学生最开始因为钱未到账且无人通知其特殊情况等事情感到恼火，最后在秘书的帮助下表示感谢。因此正确选择是A。
1. A. Creativity of Google engineers.
B. The “twenty cents”.
C. The recent recession.
D. The importance of creativity.
2. A. To let the two proceed on their own.
B. To ask people to work together.
C. To choose one for them to develop.
D. To order them to change subjects.
3. A. America suffers badly from the recession.
B. America has more financial support than other countries.
C. America has more jobs lost and more jobs created per year.
D. America has more experience in starting from .scratch.
4. A. New companies are born by defeating old ones.
B. New jobs are created while old ones are lost.
C. Many companies are formed out of recession.
D. Some jobs and companies are destroyed creatively.
5. A. Positive.
B. Negative.
C. Neutral.
D. Ambiguous.
A: Good morning, Eric. Nice to have you back.
B: Good morning.
A: [1] Last time, we talked about the "twenty percent time" and the creativity of engineers at Google. How do you harness that innovation though? What if you have two equally bright people working on sort of the same thing and they both come to you, I mean how do you
B: Well, in fact that happened and we often will find ourselves with two scenarios; [2] we'll let them proceed and find out which one really works, because often small demonstration projects don't really scale. They have defects that aren't immediately apparent. You know it's a great idea but you didn't get the architecture right. Another thing that we'll do is we'll ask people to merge and we'll say, "Can you guys just get along and try to work together because you'll never get enough people unless you put your forces together to try to solve this new interesting problem?" That often works very well.
A: One of the things you have said is that innovation is going to be key to starting this economic recovery going.
B: I agree with that.
A: Flow's that going to work?
B: Well, innovation is how America works. [3] The characteristic of America that is different from other countries is that we have more jobs lost and more jobs created per year than anybody else. [4] [5] Literally the creative destruction, this constant process of layoffs and new jobs and new companies and so forth, is key to America's competitiveness. We don't want to lose that. We don't want the government to make it harder, we want it to make it easier. We want a whole generation of new companies to be formed out of the crucible of this very, very tough recession. It's interesting that many, many of the brands that we use came in tough times. We forget that innovation occurs everywhere and often when things are tough, you actually do better because you have few resources so you are required to focus even harder on the excellent thing that you are trying to get done.
This is the end of Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. What did they talk about last time?
2. What's the solution to two engineers coming with similar ideas?
3. What differs America from other countries, according to the guest speaker?
4. What does "creative destruction" mean in the interview?
5. What's the attitude of the guest speaker towards the "creative destruction"?
1.A根据对话开头Last time, we talked about the "twenty percent time" and the creativity of engineers at Google可知.，他们上次谈论了the creativity of engineers at Google和the "twenty percent time"，所以A正确，B不准确。C、D均未提及。
2.B根据录音，通常有两种解决方案：we'll let them proceed and find out which one really works或是we'll ask people to merge，B选项为第二种方案，让人们合作，所以本题应选B。A选项不准确，C、D选项错误。
3.C根据录音The characteristic of America that is different from other countries is that we have more jobs lost and more jobs created per year than anybody else可知，使美国不同于其他国家的特征是美国have more jobs lost and more jobs created per year，所以本题应选C。
4.B根据录音Literally the creative destruction，this constant process of layoffs and new jobs and new companies and so forth可知，creative destruction指的是the process of layoffs and new jobs and new companies so forth，B选项最为准确，因此本题选B。
5.A根据录音，讲话人说creative destruction…is key to America's competitiveness.之后盛赞creative destruction．可见他的态度是积极的，所以本题选A。
1. A. Engineers stay away from customers.
B. Engineers understand customers' needs.
C. Engineers are willing to face customers.
D. Engineers want to touch customers with their products.
2. A. It'll be engineer-oriented.
B. It'll be customer-oriented.
C. It'll be technology-oriented.
D. It'll be service-oriented.
3. A. Everyone will have access to a computer connected to the Internet.
B. Everyone will have access to information including that of others.
C. Everyone will have access to advanced technologies related to their daily life.
D. Everyone will have access to the virtual world full of information.
4. A. It's annoying.
B. It's something that everyone needs.
C. It's useful.
D. It's expensive.
5. A. There will be more regulations on this issue in the future.
B. Individual right of privacy should be respected.
C. Governments should not enjoy the right of privacy.
D. People will adapt their attitudes towards the issue of privacy.
A: Eric Schmidt, good to have you with us.
B: Thank you for having me on.
A: Does it ever give you pause that you run a company with the reach that Google has?
B: I guess for me it's always a surprise that Google is as successful as it is and [1] I would always now want to be in something that touches consumers. It's just so much more fun to have real people using your products every day.
A: [2] Which is funny coming from an engineering guy who helped develop Java and Chief Technology Officer and all of this and that. You were never a consumer facing person.
B: No, and I would never argue that I understood consumers, but what I have learned at Google is that consumers care a lot about information and with simple tools, consumers can do amazing things. And [2] the future of computing is really about what consumers can do with information and all of the new things that we can do for them.
A: And also to some degree, what you as a company can do with the information that you get from those consumers.
B: Right. [3] One of the things to say is that in our lifetime something extraordinary will occur. We're going to go from people having almost no access to information to everyone having access to information and everyone having access to everyone else's information. And this will occur in one lifetime. And the benefit of that, I believe, from the standpoint of peace, prosperity, knowledge, health, things that people really care about, should be fantastic.
A: And what about those people who say, "I don't want my cell phone targeting advertising at me when I walk by a restaurant that it thinks I will like. And I don't want the company knowing all this stuff about me"?
B: Turns out that about ten percent of the people feel that way and those are people who will get their products in other ways. So they'll pay for subscription for information rather than having advertising and they'll be careful not to let other people use their information. [4] Most people are happy to have personal information used in ways that provide value for advertising because advertising, by the way, is value in and of itself, especially when it's targeted.
A: Happy if we can be sure that our privacy is being respected.
B: Absolutely. [5] And there are clearly regulations on the books today globally that reflect this and I suspect there will be more in the future. And our company makes a commitment to people to respect people's privacy and their personal information because it's central to the trust that we have with end users.
A: We had a guy on this segment a couple of years ago, Scott McNealy from Sun Microsystems, who very famously has been quoted as saying and said it to us, "You have no privacy. Get over it. What do you think about that?
B: If that's true, then I think it's a real loss because we benefit as individuals from some privacy. I don't think anyone wants everything revealed. That's why we have doors and shades and so forth. When you talk however about the way society works, we benefit from open access and transparency. So [5] when we talk about privacy, I'm very strongly in favor of an individual's right of privacy but I'm very suspicious about governments, for example, that assert a fight of privacy. You're better off with a government that is more transparent about what it's doing and what it's up to.
This is the end of Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
1. According m the interview, what is the usual pattern between engineers and customers?
2. What does Schmidt thinks of the future of computing?
3. What's that "something extraordinary" that will occur in our lifetime?
4. What does Schmidt thinks of targeted advertising?
5. What is NOT true about privacy according to Schmidt?
1.A录音中Schmidt说I would always now want to be in something that touches consumers. It's just so much more fun to have real people using your products every day后，主持人紧接着便说Which is funny coming from an engineering guy…You were never a consumer facing person，这说明其固有模式应是工程师远离顾客，因此选A。
2.B由录音中And the future of computing is really about what consumers can do with information and all of the new things that we can do for them可知，未来一切将以顾客为导向，因此选B。
3.B由录音中One of the things to say is that in our lifetime something extraordinary will occur. We're going to go from…to everyone having access to information and everyone having access to everyone else's information.可知，"something extraordinary" that will occur in our lifetime指的是每个人都能使用信息及其他人的信息，因此选B。
4.C Schmidt说Most people are happy to have personal information used in ways that provide value for advertising because advertising，by the way，is value in and of itself，especially when it's targeted，大多数人都认为有用，可见Schmidt也认为targeted advertising是有用的，因此选C。
5.A根据录音中And there are clearly regulations on the books today globally that reflect this and I suspect there will be more in the future，A为错误表述。由when we talk about privacy, I'm very strongly in favor of an individual's right of privacy but I'm very suspicious about governments, for example, that assert a fight of privacy.可知，B、C正确，D“人们将改变他们对隐私的态度”，结合录音可知正确。