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3 花钱

日常高频单词

income [ˈɪnkʌm] 收入

income ”是个多义词,它可以指“进项,收入,进账”,同义词有 revenue/proceeds/earning/yield/receipt Eg His way of life conforms to his income. (他的生活方式与他的收入是相 符的。)

income tax 所得税 Eg The personal income tax is levied on individuals. (个人所得税是面向个人征收的。) income gap 收入差距 Eg When the income gap is wide, few cross the class divide. (随着收入差距增大,很少有人能够跨越阶级。)

benefit[ ˈ benifit]n. 利益,好处

deduction [dɪˈdʌkʃən] n. 扣除,减除;推论;减除额

tax [tæks] n. 税金;重负

income tax 个人所得税

pension [ˈpenʃən] n. 退休金,养老金;津贴;膳宿费

medical [ˈmedikəl] adj. 医学的;医药的

insurance [ɪnˈʃʊər(ə)ns] n. 保险

medical insurance 医疗保险

raise[reiz]vt. 提高;筹集;加薪

deposit [di’pɔzit] n. 存款;保证金

salary [ˈsæləri] 薪水

salary ”是个多义词,它可以指“薪俸,薪水,薪金”;作为词根可以扩展为形容词 salaried 有薪水的;和动词给……薪水; Eg His salary is low and he gets few luxuries. (他薪水微薄,很少买奢侈品。)

annual salary 年薪 Eg His annual salary is sixty-five thousand dollars. (他的年薪是六万五千美元。) salary raise 加薪 Eg Well, after my boss gives me a salary raise. (等老板给我加薪后再说吧。)

check [tʃek] n. 支票

pay check 工资支票

stub [stʌb] n. 存根

pay stub 工资存根

period [ˈpɪərɪəd] n. 周期,期间;时期

pay period [ˈpɪərɪəd] 工资周期

pay rate 工资标准

gross [grəus] n. 总额

salary [ˈsæləri] n. 薪水

wage [weidʒ] n. 工资;代价;报偿;时薪

net wage 净工资

piece[pi ː s]n. 块;件;计件工资

commission [kə’miʃən] n. 佣金

bonus 奖金

expenditure [ɪkˈspendɪtʃə] 支出,花费

expenditure ”是个多义词,它可以指“经费,开销,用度”;同义词有 spending/payout 。此外本词是由词根 expend 延展而成,该词根还可以延展形容词 expendable 可消费的;名词 expense 损失; expendable 消耗品;动词 expend 花费; Eg Put down your expenditure !(削减你的开支吧!)

revenue and expenditure 收支 Eg The reckoning up of revenue and expenditure shows a small surplus. (收支相抵,略有剩余。)

skyrocket[ ˈ skair כ kit]v. 飞涨,突然高升

budget [bʌdʒit] n. 编制预算 v. 做预算

downturn[ ˈ daunt3 ː n]n. 衰退,低迷时期

cash [kæ∫] n. 现款,现金

allocate [æləkeit] v. 分配,拨出,使坐落于

receipt[ri ˈ si ː t]n. 收到,收入,收据

levy[ ˈ levi]v. 征费;征款

liability [ˌlaiəˈbiləti] n. 责任;债务负债;法律责任

licence [ˈlaisəns] n. 许可证,执照许可证;牌照;特许文件

fee[fi ː ]n. 费用;酬金;小费

licence fee 牌照费

mortgage [ ˈ m כː gid з ] 抵押

mortgage ”是个多义词,它可以指“抵押,典当”。同义词有 hold in pledge/hypothecate Eg The bank refused to accept any mortgage on land. (银行拒绝接受任何土地抵押。)

housing mortgage 住房按揭 Eg At the beginning of 1990s, personal housing mortgage streamed into our country. 20 世纪 90 年代初,个人住房按揭传入我国。)

lend[lend]v. 贷出

lender [ˈlendə] n. 贷方;出借人

lending [ˈlendiŋ] n. 出借贷款;放款

agreement [əˈgriːmənt] n. 协议;同意,一致

lending agreement 借贷协议

lessee[le ˈ si ː ]n. 承租人

lessor [leˈsɔː] n. 出租人;批租人

assurance [əˈʃuərəns] n. 保证;保险;确信

confirmation [ˌkɔnfəˈmeiʃən] n. 确认;证实;证明

guarantee [ˌgærənˈtiː] n. 保证,保证金

loan fund 贷款基金

loan interest 贷款利息

loan officer 贷款人员

loan repayment 贷款还款

shark [ʃɑːk] n. 骗子;敲诈

loan shark 高利贷者

licensed bank 持牌银行

licensed intermediary 持牌中介团体

trader [ˈtreidə] n. 交易者;商

licensed trader 持牌买卖商

lien [liən] n. 留置权;抵押品所产生的利息

assurance [əˈʃuərəns] 保证;保险

assurance ”是个多义词,它可以指“确信,担保”。是由词根 assure 延展而成,同根词还有形容词 assured 确定的;名词 assuredness 确实;动词 assure 保证 Eg He gave me assurance in black and white. (他给了我书面保证。)

with assurance 信心 Eg We cannot predict the future with assurance. (我们无法很有把握地预测未来。)

life assurance 人寿保险

life assurance policy 人寿保单

fund [fʌnd] n. 基金;资金;存款

life insurance fund 人寿保险基金

interest[ ˈ intrist]n. 利息;兴趣,爱好

life interest 终身权益

life-long product 终身产品

实战应用

A How much is your before-tax salary?

B 8 000 dollars.

A :你税前工资多少钱?

B 8000 美元。

A Where do you spend your family expenses?

B Expenditure for shopping accounted for the largest part.

A :你的家庭支出都用在哪些地方了?

B :购物的开支占得最多。

A Do you have piece rate?

B No, but I have merit pay.

A :你有计件工资吗?

B :没有,但是有绩效工资。

A How much is your tax rate?

B 3%of my gross wage.

A :你的税率是多少?

B :我全部工资的 3%

A I am about to run out of money.

B You have to maintain the car and afford the children education. It is truly difficult.

A :我觉得自己要入不敷出了。

B :你还要保养汽车,供孩子上学。是挺难的。

A I feel that times are hard.

B Don't think so. Some expenditures may be gradually reduced.

A :感觉日子过得太艰难了。

B :别这样想,一些支出是可以逐渐减少的。

A It is your investment. You will have a great return.

B I hope so.

A :你这是投资,以后会有很大回报的。

B :我也希望如此。

知识超链接

不服不行,女人比男人更会理财

When it comes to money, women really are more responsible than men, with an international survey finding that they re less likely to get into debt and strive harder to become financially independent.

And although more than 40 percent of women use part of their monthly income to pay off credit cards, some 70 percent of female respondents also said that having more than one credit card could lead to financial debt, revealing women s higher awareness.

More women believed in their financial ability than men, with 61 percent saying they were more responsible, while only 40 percent of men agreed. But nearly half the women surveyed also conceded that they were bigger spenders than their male counterparts, with nearly 60 percent of men agreeing.

说到钱的问题,女性的确比男性更负责任。一项全球调查发现,与男性相比,女性更不容易陷入债务,而且会更努力地争取经济独立。

尽管超过 40% 的女性用月收入的一部分偿还信用卡,但同时约有 70% 的女性受访者认为持有一张以上的信用卡容易导致负债,这说明女性在这方面的意识较强。

在理财能力方面,女性比男性更自信。 61% 的女性受访者表示自己在金钱方面更负责任,而仅有 40% 的男性有这样的信心。但近一半的受访女性称自己比配偶花钱多,近 60% 的男性表示认同。

读书笔记 ______________________________________ FZQqguZGV5KMwi9h6IGK0uz7eG5rVe4BXx3vIhbkwLlh/bnZ89PwK6YEabjG+sPD

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