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01 |
核心词汇 |
▲ teahouse ['tiːhaʊs] n.茶馆；茶室
▲ enjoy [ɪn'dʒɒɪ] v.品尝，享受
△ enjoy tea 品茶
△ tea-things 茶具
▲ teapoy ['tiːpɒɪ] n.茶几；三脚小桌
▲ pot [pɔt] n.茶壶
▲ teacup ['tiːkʌp] n.茶杯
▲ spoon [spu:n] n.勺子，汤匙
▲ strainer ['streinə] n.过滤器
△ tea-strainer 滤茶器
△ tea strainer spoon 滤茶勺
▲ saucer ['sɔ:sə] n.茶托，浅碟
△ time for tea 饮茶时光
▲ drink [driŋk] v.喝，饮
△ way of tea drinking 饮茶方式
△ tea party 茶话会
▲ ceremony ['seriməuni] n.典礼，仪式；礼节，礼仪；客套，虚礼
△ tea ceremony 茶道
▲ order ['כ:də] v.点（菜或饮料）
▲ serve [sə:v] v.提供
▲ iced [aist] a.冰过的
▲ strong [strכŋ] a.（味道、气味）浓烈的
▲ spill [spil] v.溢出
▲ blade [bleid] n.叶片
△ black tea 红茶
△ green tea 绿茶
△ iced tea 冰茶
△ fine powder tea 抹茶
△ oolong ['uːlɒŋ]n.乌龙茶（中国名茶之一）
△ whitetipped oolong 白毫乌龙
△ green blade 煎茶
△ dragon well 龙井
△ green spiral 碧螺春
△ robe tea 大红袍
△ cassia tea 决明子茶
△ jasmine tea 茉莉花茶
△ rose bulb 玫瑰绣球
△ gongfu black 功夫红茶
△ smoke black 烟熏红茶
△ roast oolong 熟火乌龙
△ anji white leaf 安吉白茶
△ liu'an leaf 六安瓜片
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02 |
Daily Dialogue 日常会话 |
Tea Culture
Marcy：The tea smells good. What's it called?
Joe：It is called“dragon well”，belonging to green tea.
Marcy：I've heard of this name before. I could never understand the classification of tea.
Joe：The classification of tea is confusing and there is no agreement. There are four kinds of tea according to processing methods.They are green tea, black tea, oolong tea and scented tea.
Marcy：It is said different tea has different benefits to human body, isn't it?
Joe：Yes, it is. But there is timing and personal health conditions to be considered.
Marcy：There seems to be a lot of knowledge about tea.
Joe：Of course. That's why we have“tea culture”.
Marcy：Please tell me more about tea culture.
Joe：No problem.
茶文化
马西：这茶叶闻起来不错，这是什么茶呀？
乔：龙井，属于绿茶。
马西：听说过，但是我从来都没搞清楚茶叶的种类。
乔：茶叶的分类比较复杂的，而且没有定论。通常人们按照工艺把茶叶分为四种：绿茶，红茶，乌龙茶和花茶。
马西：据说不同的茶，对人体的功效不同，是这样吗？
乔：的确如此，但是茶叶的功效还要受到季节和个人体质的影响。
马西：关于茶叶似乎有很多知识呢？
乔：是的，这就是茶文化。
马西：以后我还要多多请教。
乔：没问题。
文化加油站
Netherlands is country with most plentiful, healthy food
The Netherlands nudged past France and Switzerland as the country with the most nutritious, plentiful and healthy food, while the United States and Japan failed to make it into the top 20，a new ranking released by Oxfam showed.
Chad came in last on the list of 125 nations, behind Ethiopia and Angola, in the food index from the international relief and development organization.
“The Netherlands have created a good market that enables people to get enough to eat. Prices are relatively low and stable and the type of food people are eating is balanced，”Deborah Haddon, a senior researcher at Oxfam who compiled the results, said in an interview.
Oxfam ranked the nations on the availability, quality and affordability of food and dietary health. It also looked at the percentage of underweight children, food diversity and access to clean water, as well as negative health outcomes such as obesity and diabetes.
European countries dominated the top of the ranking, but Australia squeezed into the top 12，tying with Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Luxembourg at No. 8.
Although the United States has the most affordable and good quality food, high levels of obesity and diabetes pushed the nation into 21st place in the ranking, tying with Japan, which scored poorly on the relative price of food compared to other goods.
The Netherlands got top marks for its low food prices and diabetes levels, while Chad had the worst score for the cost of food in the country and the number of underweight children-34 percent.
世界各国食物质量大排名荷兰居首
牛津饥荒救济委员会发布的新排名显示，荷兰超过法国和瑞士，成为食物最有营养、最丰富和最健康的国家，而美国和日本却未能挤进前20名。
该机构的食物排名显示，出现在排行榜上的125个国家中，非洲国家乍得排在最后一名，落后于埃塞俄比亚和安哥拉。
汇总这些结果的牛津饥荒救济委员会的高级研究员德伯拉·哈尔顿说：“荷兰营造了一个良好的市场，让人们有足够的食物可以吃。食物价格也相对低廉和稳定，人们所吃的食物种类也比较平衡。”
牛津饥荒救济委员会从获得食物的难易程度、食物的品质和价位以及膳食健康等方面来给各个国家排名。它还考虑了体重偏低的儿童比例、食物的多样性、获得清洁水源的难易程度，以及肥胖和糖尿病等负面健康结果。
欧洲国家占据排名前列，不过澳大利亚也成功跻身前12名，和爱尔兰、意大利、葡萄牙和卢森堡并列排在第八名。
尽管美国的食物价格和质量都是最好的，但是美国肥胖和糖尿病的高发率使美国排在第21名，与日本并排，日本排名不佳是因为食品价格相对其他商品偏高。
荷兰排名居首是因为食物价格低和糖尿病发病率低，而乍得排名最低是因为食物价格太高和体重不足儿童的数量太多（占据34%）。
Hospitality美式待客之道
An American friend has invited you to visit his family. You've never been to an American's home before, and you're not sure what to do.Should you take a gift?How should you dress?What time should you arrive?What should you do when you get there?Glad you asked.When you're the guest, you should just make yourself at home.That's what hospitality is all about：making people feel at home when they’re not.
一位美国朋友邀请你去他家。你以前从未去过美国人的家，你不确定该怎么做。该带一个礼物吗？该怎么穿？该几点到？到了那里该做什么？很高兴你发问。你若是客人，只要使自己感到自在就好了。待客之道就是这样：虽然不是在家里，却使客人有实至如归之感。
The question of whether or not to bring a gift often makes guests squirm. Giving your host a gift is not just a social nicety in some cultures-it is expected.But in American culture, a guest is not obligated to bring a present.Of course, some people do bring a small token of appreciation to their host.Appropriate gifts for general occasions might beflowers, candy or-if the family has small children-toys.If you choose not to bring a gift，don't worry.No one will even notice.
是否带礼物的问题常使客人不安。在某些文化中，送主人礼物不只是社交礼节——还是必要的。但是在美国文化中，客人并不一定要带礼物。当然，有些人的确会带个表示感谢的小礼物给他们的主人。在一般情況下，带花或是糖果，如果这家人有小孩，玩具应当是恰当的礼物。如果你选择不带礼物，別担心，甚至没有人会注意到的。
American hospitality begins at home-especially when it involves food. Most Americans agree that good home cooking beats restaurant food any day.When invited for a meal, you might ask，”Can I bring anything?”Unless it's a potluck, where everyone brings a dish, the host will probably respond，”No, just yourself.”For most informal dinners, you should wear comfortable, casual clothes.Plan to arrive ontime, or else call to inform your hosts of the delay.During the dinner conversation, it's customary to compliment the hostess on the wonderful meal.Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food！
美国人的待客之道从家里开始——尤其是和食物有关。大多数美国人都同意，无论如何，好的家常菜胜过餐馆的菜。受邀吃饭时，你或许可以问：“我可以带些什么吗？”除非是每人带一道菜的聚餐，否则主人很可能会回答：“不用，你来就可以了。”大多数非正式的聚餐，你应该穿舒适、轻便的衣服。设法准时到，否则打电话告诉主人你会晚点到。用餐时，习惯上，人们会称赞女主人烹调的美食。当然，最大的赞美是多吃！
When you've had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you're the guest, your hosts may not let you.Instead, they may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee.After an hour or so of general chit-chat, it's probablytime to head for the door.You don't want to wear out your welcome.And above all, don't go snooping around the house.It's more polite to wait for the host to offer you a guided tour.But except for Housewarmings, guests often don't get past the living room.
当你吃得差不多时，或许可以主动表示要帮忙清理桌子或洗碗盘，但你既是客人，你的主人可能不会让你这样做。他们或许会邀请大家到客厅吃点心、喝茶或咖啡。聊个大约一小时或许就该离去了，你可不希望变得不受欢迎吧。还有最重要的是不要在屋子里四处窥探，等主人邀请你参观才较有礼貌。可是除了乔迁喜宴之外，客人通常都只待在客厅里。
Americans usually like to have advance notice when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by unannounced.This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days.Here's a good rule of thumb for house guests：Short stays are best.As one 19th century French writer put it，”Thefirst day a man is a guest, the second a burden, the third a pest.”Even relatives don't usually stay for several weeks at atime.While you’re staying with an American family, try to keep your living area neat andtidy.Your host families will appreciate your consideration.And they may even invite you back！
美国人通常喜欢访客事先通知他们，只有非常亲密的朋友才可能不请自来，尤其是客人要待好几天时更是如此。最好不要久留——这是给访客的经验之谈。如同十九世纪一位法国作家所写的：“第一天是客人，第二天是负担，第三天就是讨厌鬼了。”即使是亲戚通常也不会一次待上几个星期。当你住在美国人家里时，设法使你住的地方保持整齐清洁。你的主人一家都会感谢你这么体贴，他们甚至会再邀请你！
Most Americans consider themselves hospitable people. Folks in the southern United States, in particular, take pride in entertaining guests.In fact，“southern hospitality”has become legendary.But in all parts of America, people welcome their guests with open arms.So don't be surprised tofind the welcome mat out for you.Just don't forget to wipe your feet.
大多数美国人都认为他们是好客之人。尤其是美国的南方人更以款待客人自豪，事实上，“南方的款待”是人们所津津乐道口口相传的。不过在美国各地，人们都展开双臂欢迎他们的客人，所以当你发现有WELCOME字样的鞋垫为你而时，別惊讶，只是別忘了把你的脚擦干净就是了。
读书笔记
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