大银鱼Protosalanx hyalocranius (Abbott)

英文名： Large icefish

地方名： 银鱼、面条鱼

分类地位： 鲑形目，银鱼科，大银鱼属

形态特征： 个体较小，体细长，前部略呈圆筒形，后部侧扁。头部扁平。吻尖，呈三角形。下颌长于上颌。胸鳍大而尖。背鳍ii- 15~17；臀鳍条ii- 27~32；腹鳍条i- 6。体透明。两侧腹面各有1 行黑色色素点。性成熟时雄鱼臀鳍成扇形，鳍基具1 列鳞片。

生态习性： 海淡水中均有分布，对环境的适应能力强，耐盐碱、低温。肉食性，幼鱼摄食浮游动物，成鱼摄食小鱼、小虾。一般寿命为1 年。冬季繁殖，产卵高峰期在1 月中、下旬，产卵水温为2℃~8℃，为多次产卵类型。

地理分布： 常见于山东至浙江沿海和江河中下游及附属湖泊中。20 世纪90 年代引入宁夏。

经济价值： 味道鲜美，营养丰富，整体可食，具有较高的经济价值。

ENGLISH NAME：Large icefish

LOCAL NAME：Yinyu; Miantiaoyu

CLASSIFICATION：Salmoniformes；Salangidae; Protosalanx

MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Small and long body, whose the frontal regionis in cylindrical form and the rear part is in compressed form. Compressed head; pointed mouth in triangular shape; lower jaw is longer than upper jaw; pectoral fin is big and sharp-pointed; dorsal fin ii-15~17; anal rays ii-27~32; pelvic fin i-6; transparent body; two rows of black pigment spots are distributed along the pronesurface of two sides; at sexual maturity stage, the male anal fin is in fan shape, and fin base has a row of scales.

ECOLOGICAL HABITS：It is distributed in sea water and fresh water, which shows stron-gadaption capacity to environment, such as salt-alkali and cold resistant. It is a carnivo-rous fish, which the youngs eat zooplankton, the adult ingests baby fish and shrimp. Its life generally lasts one year; it breeds in winter and the spawning climax is in the middle and later of January; the water temperature for spawning is at 2~8℃, and it is a multi-ple spawning fish.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: It is commonly distributed in coastal area, middle and lower reaches of rivers and tributaries water areas from Shandong to Zhejiang Province, and was introduced in Ningxia in 1980’s.

ECONOMIC VALUE：It is fresh in taste and rich in nutrition with a certain economic value. ULlrHt4ahgD5Y3rIvmSplAvg2RhdR8FxEYHnNCYnmyFPacBMi2dBYIzdKOKJFwxN